Psalms 80:11-12

80:11 Its branches reached the Mediterranean Sea, ¹ 

and its shoots the Euphrates River. ² 

80:12 Why did you break down its walls, ³ 

so that all who pass by pluck its fruit? ⁴ 

[80:11]  ¹ tn Heb “to [the] sea.” The “sea” refers here to the Mediterranean Sea.

[80:11]  ² tn Heb “to [the] river.” The “river” is the Euphrates River in Mesopotamia. Israel expanded both to the west and to the east.

[80:12]  ³ sn The protective walls of the metaphorical vineyard are in view here (see Isa 5:5).

[80:12]  ⁴ tn Heb “pluck it.”