Psalms 80:9-12

80:9 You cleared the ground for it; ¹ 

it took root, ² 

and filled the land.

80:10 The mountains were covered by its shadow,

the highest cedars ³  by its branches.

80:11 Its branches reached the Mediterranean Sea, ⁴ 

and its shoots the Euphrates River. ⁵ 

80:12 Why did you break down its walls, ⁶ 

so that all who pass by pluck its fruit? ⁷ 

[80:9]  ¹ tn Heb “you cleared away before it.”

[80:9]  ² tn Heb “and it took root [with] its roots.”

[80:10]  ³ tn Heb “cedars of God.” The divine name אֵל (’al, “God”) is here used in an idiomatic manner to indicate the superlative.

[80:11]  ⁵ tn Heb “to [the] sea.” The “sea” refers here to the Mediterranean Sea.

[80:11]  ⁶ tn Heb “to [the] river.” The “river” is the Euphrates River in Mesopotamia. Israel expanded both to the west and to the east.

[80:12]  ⁷ sn The protective walls of the metaphorical vineyard are in view here (see Isa 5:5).

[80:12]  ⁸ tn Heb “pluck it.”