Revelation 1:11

1:11 saying: “Write in a book what you see and send it to the seven churches – to Ephesus, ¹  Smyrna, ²  Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, and Laodicea.”

Revelation 4:10

4:10 the twenty-four elders throw themselves to the ground ³  before the one who sits on the throne and worship the one who lives forever and ever, and they offer their crowns ⁴  before his ⁵  throne, saying:

Revelation 6:5

6:5 Then ⁶  when the Lamb opened the third seal I heard the third living creature saying, “Come!” So ⁷  I looked, ⁸  and here came ⁹  a black horse! The ¹⁰  one who rode it ¹¹  had a balance scale ¹²  in his hand.

[1:11]  ¹ map For location see JP1 D2; JP2 D2; JP3 D2; JP4 D2.

[1:11]  ² tn Grk “and to Smyrna.” For stylistic reasons the conjunction καί (kai) and the preposition εἰς (eis) have not been translated before the remaining elements of the list. In lists with more than two elements contemporary English generally does not repeat the conjunction except between the next to last and last elements.

[4:10]  ³ tn Grk “the twenty-four elders fall down.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”

[4:10]  ⁴ sn See the note on the word crown in Rev 3:11.

[4:10]  ⁵ tn The pronoun “his” is understood from the demonstrative force of the article τοῦ (tou) before θρόνου (qronou).

[6:5]  ⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[6:5]  ⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the summons by the third creature.

[6:5]  ⁷ tc The reading “and I looked” (καὶ εἶδον, kai eidon) or some slight variation (e.g., ἶδον, idon) has excellent ms support ({א A C P 1611}) and its omission seems to have come through the mss that have already placed “and look” (καὶ ἴδε or καὶ βλέπε [kai ide or kai blepe]) after the verb “come” (ἔρχου, ercou) in 6:1. Thus, for these copyists it was redundant to add “and I looked” again.

[6:5]  ⁸ tn The phrase “and here came” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).

[6:5]  ⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[6:5]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”

[6:5]  ¹¹ sn A balance scale would have been a rod held by a rope in the middle with pans attached to both ends for measuring.