Revelation 1:12
Context1:12 I 1 turned to see whose voice was speaking to me, 2 and when I did so, 3 I saw seven golden lampstands,
Revelation 5:4
Context5:4 So 4 I began weeping bitterly 5 because no one was found who was worthy to open the scroll or to look into it.
Revelation 18:18
Context18:18 and began to shout 6 when they saw the smoke from the fire that burned her up, 7 “Who is like the great city?”


[1:12] 1 tn Throughout the translation John’s use of καί (kai) often reflects the varied usage of the Hebrew conjunction ו (vav). A clause which καί introduces has been translated in terms of its semantic relationship to the clause that preceded it. If the καί seemed redundant, however, it was left untranslated; that is the case in this verse.
[1:12] 2 tn Grk “with me.” The translation “with me” implies that John was engaged in a dialogue with the one speaking to him (e.g., Jesus or an angel) when in reality it was a one-sided conversation, with John doing all the listening. For this reason, μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ (met’ emou, “with me”) was translated as “to me.”
[1:12] 3 tn Grk “and turning I saw.” The repetition of ἐπιστρέφω (epistrefw) is somewhat redundant in contemporary English and has been translated generally.
[5:4] 4 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of no one being found worthy to open the scroll.
[18:18] 7 tn Here the imperfect ἔκραζον (ekrazon) has been translated ingressively.
[18:18] 8 tn Grk “from the burning of her, saying.” For the translation “the smoke from the fire that burned her up,” see L&N 14.63. Here the participle λέγοντες (legontes, “saying”) has not been translated because it is redundant in contemporary English.