Revelation 1:13

1:13 and in the midst of the lampstands was one like a son of man. ¹  He was dressed in a robe extending down to his feet and he wore a wide golden belt ²  around his chest.

Revelation 1:15

1:15 His feet were like polished bronze ³  refined ⁴  in a furnace, and his voice was like the roar ⁵  of many waters.

Revelation 8:1

The Seventh Seal

8:1 Now ⁶  when the Lamb ⁷  opened the seventh seal there was silence in heaven for about half an hour.

Revelation 14:17

14:17 Then ⁸  another angel came out of the temple in heaven, and he too had a sharp sickle.

Revelation 15:5

15:5 After ⁹  these things I looked, and the temple (the tent ¹⁰  of the testimony) ¹¹  was opened in heaven,

Revelation 18:24

18:24 The ¹²  blood of the saints and prophets was found in her, ¹³ 

along with the blood ¹⁴  of all those who had been killed on the earth.”

Revelation 19:14

19:14 The ¹⁵  armies that are in heaven, dressed in white, clean, fine linen, ¹⁶  were following him on white horses.

[1:13]  ¹ tn This phrase constitutes an allusion to Dan 7:13. Concerning υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου (Juio" tou anqrwpou), BDAG 1026 s.v. υἱός 2.d.γ says: “ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου lit. ‘the son of the man’…‘the human being, the human one, the man’…On Israelite thought contemporary w. Jesus and alleged knowledge of a heavenly being looked upon as a ‘Son of Man’ or ‘Man’, who exercises Messianic functions such as judging the world (metaph., pictorial passages in En 46-48; 4 Esdr 13:3, 51f)…Outside the gospels: Ac 7:56…Rv 1:13; 14:14 (both after Da 7:13…).” The term “son” here in this expression is anarthrous and as such lacks specificity. Some commentators and translations take the expression as an allusion to Daniel 7:13 and not to “the son of man” found in gospel traditions (e.g., Mark 8:31; 9:12; cf. D. E. Aune, Revelation [WBC], 2:800-801; cf. also NIV). Other commentators and versions, however, take the phrase “son of man” as definite, involving allusions to Dan 7:13 and “the son of man” gospel traditions (see G. K. Beale, Revelation [NIGTC], 771-72; NRSV).

[1:13]  ² tn Or “a wide golden sash,” but this would not be diagonal, as some modern sashes are, but horizontal. The Greek term can refer to a wide band of cloth or leather worn on the outside of one’s clothing (L&N 6.178).

[1:15]  ³ tn The precise meaning of the term translated “polished bronze” (χαλκολιβάνῳ, calkolibanw), which appears nowhere else in Greek literature outside of the book of Revelation (see 2:18), is uncertain. Without question it is some sort of metal. BDAG 1076 s.v. χαλκολίβανον suggests “fine brass/bronze.” L&N 2.57 takes the word to refer to particularly valuable or fine bronze, but notes that the emphasis here and in Rev 2:18 is more on the lustrous quality of the metal.

[1:15]  ⁴ tn Or “that has been heated in a furnace until it glows.”

[1:15]  ⁵ tn Grk “sound,” but the idea is closer to the roar of a waterfall or rapids.

[8:1]  ⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the resumption of the topic of the seals.

[8:1]  ⁶ tn Grk “he”; the referent (the Lamb) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[14:17]  ⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[15:5]  ⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[15:5]  ¹⁰ tn On this term BDAG 928 s.v. σκηνή 1.b.α states, “ἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ μαρτυρίου the Tabernacle or Tent of Testimony (Ex 27:21; 29:4; Lev 1:1; Num 1:1 and oft.…) Ac 7:44; 1 Cl 43:2, 5,” and then continues in section 2 to state, “Rv 15:5 speaks of a ναὸς τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ. God’s σκ.= dwelling is in heaven 13:6, and will some time be among humans 21:3.”

[15:5]  ¹¹ tn Grk “the temple of the tent of the testimony” (ὁ ναός τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου, Jo naos ths skhnhs tou marturiou). The genitive “of the tent” is probably an appositional genitive and should be rendered as “the temple, which is the tent.” The entire expression, then, would be “the temple which is the tent of testimony,” that is, “the heavenly equivalent of the tent or tabernacle that was with Israel in the wilderness” (G. K. Beale, Revelation [NIGTC], 801-2).

[18:24]  ¹¹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[18:24]  ¹² tn The shift in pronouns from second to third person corresponds to the Greek text.

[18:24]  ¹³ tn Grk “and of all.” The phrase “along with the blood” has been repeated from the previous clause for stylistic reasons.

[19:14]  ¹³ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[19:14]  ¹⁴ tn On the term translated “fine linen,” BDAG 185 s.v. βύσσινος states, “made of fine linen, subst. τὸ β. fine linen, linen garment…Rv 18:12, 16; 19:8, 14.”