Revelation 1:15

1:15 His feet were like polished bronze ¹  refined ²  in a furnace, and his voice was like the roar ³  of many waters.

Revelation 2:18

To the Church in Thyatira

2:18 “To ⁴  the angel of the church in Thyatira write the following: ⁵ 

“This is the solemn pronouncement of ⁶  the Son of God, the one who has eyes like a fiery flame ⁷  and whose feet are like polished bronze: ⁸ 

Revelation 9:7

9:7 Now ⁹  the locusts looked like horses equipped for battle. On ¹⁰  their heads were something like crowns similar to gold, ¹¹  and their faces looked like men’s ¹²  faces.

[1:15]  ¹ tn The precise meaning of the term translated “polished bronze” (χαλκολιβάνῳ, calkolibanw), which appears nowhere else in Greek literature outside of the book of Revelation (see 2:18), is uncertain. Without question it is some sort of metal. BDAG 1076 s.v. χαλκολίβανον suggests “fine brass/bronze.” L&N 2.57 takes the word to refer to particularly valuable or fine bronze, but notes that the emphasis here and in Rev 2:18 is more on the lustrous quality of the metal.

[1:15]  ² tn Or “that has been heated in a furnace until it glows.”

[1:15]  ³ tn Grk “sound,” but the idea is closer to the roar of a waterfall or rapids.

[2:18]  ⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.

[2:18]  ⁵ tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.

[2:18]  ⁶ tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.

[2:18]  ⁷ tn Grk “a flame of fire.” The Greek term πυρός (puros) has been translated as an attributive genitive.

[2:18]  ⁸ tn The precise meaning of the term translated “polished bronze” (χαλκολιβάνῳ, calkolibanw), which appears no where else in Greek literature outside of the book of Revelation (see 1:15), is uncertain. Without question it is some sort of metal. BDAG 1076 s.v. χαλκολίβανον suggests “fine brass/bronze.” L&N 2.57 takes the word to refer to particularly valuable or fine bronze, but notes that the emphasis here and in Rev 1:15 is more on the lustrous quality of the metal.

[9:7]  ⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of the description of the locusts, which is somewhat parenthetical in the narrative.

[9:7]  ⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[9:7]  ⁹ tn The translation attempts to bring out the double uncertainty in this clause in the Greek text, involving both the form (ὡς στέφανοι, Jw" stefanoi, “like crowns”) and the material (ὅμοιοι χρυσῷ, {omoioi crusw, “similar to gold”).

[9:7]  ¹⁰ tn Or “human faces.” The Greek term ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpos) is often used in a generic sense, referring to both men and women. However, because “women’s hair” in the next clause suggests a possible gender distinction here, “men’s” was retained.