Revelation 18:24

18:24 The ¹  blood of the saints and prophets was found in her, ² 

along with the blood ³  of all those who had been killed on the earth.”

Revelation 5:12

5:12 all of whom ⁴  were singing ⁵  in a loud voice:

“Worthy is the lamb who was killed ⁶ 

to receive power and wealth

and wisdom and might

and honor and glory and praise!”

Revelation 6:4

6:4 And another horse, fiery red, ⁷  came out, and the one who rode it ⁸  was granted permission ⁹  to take peace from the earth, so that people would butcher ¹⁰  one another, and he was given a huge sword.

Revelation 6:9

6:9 Now ¹¹  when the Lamb opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been violently killed ¹²  because of the word of God and because of the testimony they had given.

Revelation 13:3

13:3 One of the beast’s ¹³  heads appeared to have been killed, ¹⁴  but the lethal wound had been healed. ¹⁵  And the whole world followed ¹⁶  the beast in amazement;

Revelation 13:8

13:8 and all those who live on the earth will worship the beast, ¹⁷  everyone whose name has not been written since the foundation of the world ¹⁸  in the book of life belonging to the Lamb who was killed. ¹⁹ 

Revelation 5:6

5:6 Then ²⁰  I saw standing in the middle of the throne ²¹  and of the four living creatures, and in the middle of the elders, a Lamb that appeared to have been killed. ²²  He had ²³  seven horns and seven eyes, which ²⁴  are the seven ²⁵  spirits of God ²⁶  sent out into all the earth.

Revelation 5:9

5:9 They were singing a new song: ²⁷ 

“You are worthy to take the scroll

and to open its seals

because you were killed, ²⁸ 

and at the cost of your own blood ²⁹  you have purchased ³⁰  for God

persons ³¹  from every tribe, language, ³²  people, and nation.

[18:24]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[18:24]  ² tn The shift in pronouns from second to third person corresponds to the Greek text.

[18:24]  ³ tn Grk “and of all.” The phrase “along with the blood” has been repeated from the previous clause for stylistic reasons.

[5:12]  ⁴ tn The words “all of whom” are not in the Greek text, but have been supplied to indicate the resumption of the phrase “the voice of many angels” at the beginning of the verse.

[5:12]  ⁵ tn Grk “saying.”

[5:12]  ⁶ tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”

[6:4]  ⁷ tn L&N 79.31 states, “‘fiery red’ (probably with a tinge of yellow or orange).”

[6:4]  ⁸ tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”

[6:4]  ⁹ tn The word “permission” is implied; Grk “it was given to him to take peace from the earth.”

[6:4]  ¹⁰ tn BDAG 979 s.v. σφάζω states, “Of the killing of a person by violence…σφάζειν τινά butcher or murder someone (4 Km 10:7; Jer 52:10; Manetho: 609 fgm. 8, 76 Jac. [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 76]; Demetr.[?]: 722 fgm. 7; Ar. 10, 9) 1J 3:12; Rv 6:4. Pass. (Hdt. 5, 5) 5:9; 6:9; 18:24.”

[6:9]  ¹⁰ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of a new and somewhat different topic after the introduction of the four riders.

[6:9]  ¹¹ tn Or “murdered.” See the note on the word “butcher” in 6:4.

[13:3]  ¹³ tn Grk “one of its heads”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[13:3]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “killed to death,” an expression emphatic in its redundancy. The phrase behind this translation is ὡς ἐσφαγμένον (Jw" ejsfagmenon). The particle ὡς is used in Greek generally for comparison, and in Revelation it is used often to describe the appearance of what the author saw. In this instance, the appearance of the beast’s head did not match reality, because the next phrase shows that in fact it did not die. This text does not affirm that the beast died and was resurrected, but some draw this conclusion because of the only other use of the phrase, which refers to Jesus in 5:6.

[13:3]  ¹⁵ tn The phrase τοῦ θανάτου (tou qanatou) can be translated as an attributive genitive (“deathly wound”) or an objective genitive (the wound which caused death) and the final αὐτοῦ (autou) is either possessive or reference/respect.

[13:3]  ¹⁶ tn On the phrase “the whole world followed the beast in amazement,” BDAG 445 s.v. θαυμάζω 2 states, “wonder, be amazed…Rv 17:8. In pregnant constr. ἐθαυμάσθη ὅλη ἡ γῆ ὀπίσω τ. θηρίου the whole world followed the beast, full of wonder 13:3 (here wonder becomes worship: cp. Ael. Aristid. 13 p. 290 D.; 39 p. 747 of Dionysus and Heracles, οἳ ὑφ᾿ ἡμῶν ἐθαυμάσθησαν. Sir 7:29; Jos., Ant. 3, 65. – The act. is also found in this sense: Cebes 2, 3 θ. τινά = ‘admire’ or ‘venerate’ someone; Epict. 1, 17, 19 θ. τὸν θεόν).”

[13:8]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “it”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[13:8]  ¹⁷ tn The prepositional phrase “since the foundation of the world” is traditionally translated as a modifier of the immediately preceding phrase in the Greek text, “the Lamb who was killed” (so also G. B. Caird, Revelation [HNTC], 168), but it is more likely that the phrase “since the foundation of the world” modifies the verb “written” (as translated above). Confirmation of this can be found in Rev 17:8 where the phrase “written in the book of life since the foundation of the world” occurs with no ambiguity.

[13:8]  ¹⁸ tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”

[5:6]  ¹⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[5:6]  ²⁰ tn Perhaps, “in the middle of the throne area” (see L&N 83.10).

[5:6]  ²¹ tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.” The phrase behind this translation is ὡς ἐσφαγμένον (Jw" ejsfagmenon). The particle ὡς is used in Greek generally for comparison, and in Revelation it is used often to describe the appearance of what the author saw. This phrase does not imply that the Lamb “appeared to have been killed” but in reality was not, because the wider context of the NT shows that in fact the Lamb, i.e., Jesus, was killed. See 13:3 for the only other occurrence of this phrase in the NT.

[5:6]  ²² tn Grk “killed, having.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the pronoun “he.”

[5:6]  ²³ sn The relative pronoun which is masculine, referring back to the eyes rather than to the horns.

[5:6]  ²⁴ tc There is good ms evidence for the inclusion of “seven” (ἑπτά, Jepta; ̲⁴ א 2053 2351 Ï^K). There is equally good ms support for the omission of the term (A 1006 1611 Ï^A pc). It may have been accidentally added due to its repeated presence in the immediately preceding phrases, or it may have been intentionally added to maintain the symmetry of the phrases or more likely to harmonize the phrase with 1:4; 3:1; 4:5. Or it may have been accidentally deleted by way of homoioteleuton (τὰ ἑπτά, ta Jepta). A decision is difficult in this instance. NA²⁷ also does not find the problem easy to solve, placing the word in brackets to indicate doubts as to its authenticity.

[5:6]  ²⁵ sn See the note on the phrase the seven spirits of God in Rev 4:5.

[5:9]  ²² tn The redundant participle λέγοντες (legontes) has not been translated here.

[5:9]  ²³ tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”

[5:9]  ²⁴ tn The preposition ἐν (en) is taken to indicate price here, like the Hebrew preposition ב (bet) does at times. BDAG 329 s.v. ἐν 5.b states, “The ἐν which takes the place of the gen. of price is also instrumental ἠγόρασας ἐν τῷ αἵματί σου Rv 5:9 (cp. 1 Ch 21:24 ἀγοράζω ἐν ἀργυρίῳ).”

[5:9]  ²⁵ tc The Greek text as it stands above (i.e., the reading τῷ θεῷ [tw qew] alone) is found in codex A. א 2050 2344 Ï sy add the term “us” (ἡμᾶς, Jhmas), either before or after τῷ θεῷ, as an attempt to clarify the object of “purchased” (ἠγόρασας, hgorasa"). A few mss (1 vg^ms) delete the reference to God altogether and simply replace it with “us” (ἡμᾶς). This too is an attempt to remove ambiguity in the phrase and provide an object for “purchased.” The shorter reading, supported by the best witness for Revelation, best accounts for the other readings.

[5:9]  ²⁶ tn The word “persons” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context.

[5:9]  ²⁷ tn Grk “and language,” but καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.