Revelation 2:27

2:27 he ¹  will rule ²  them with an iron rod ³ 

and like clay jars he will break them to pieces, ⁴ 

Revelation 9:5

9:5 The locusts ⁵  were not given permission ⁶  to kill ⁷  them, but only to torture ⁸  them ⁹  for five months, and their torture was like that ¹⁰  of a scorpion when it stings a person. ¹¹ 

Revelation 13:7

13:7 The beast ¹²  was permitted to go to war against the saints and conquer them. ¹³  He was given ruling authority ¹⁴  over every tribe, people, ¹⁵  language, and nation,

[2:27]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[2:27]  ² tn Grk “will shepherd.”

[2:27]  ³ tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rJabdo") can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”

[2:27]  ⁴ sn A quotation from Ps 2:9 (with the line introducing the quotation containing a partial allusion to Ps 2:8). See also Rev 12:5, 19:15.

[9:5]  ⁵ tn Grk “It was not permitted to them”; the referent (the locusts) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[9:5]  ⁶ tn The word “permission” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.

[9:5]  ⁷ tn The two ἵνα (Jina) clauses of 9:5 are understood to be functioning as epexegetical or complementary clauses related to ἐδόθη (edoqh).

[9:5]  ⁸ tn On this term BDAG 168 s.v. βασανισμός states, “1. infliction of severe suffering or pain associated with torture or torment, tormenting, torture Rv 9:5b. – 2. the severe pain experienced through torture, torment vs. 5a; 14:11; 18:10, 15; (w. πένθος) vs. 7.”

[9:5]  ⁹ tn The pronoun “them” is not in the Greek text but is picked up from the previous clause.

[9:5]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “like the torture,” but this is redundant in contemporary English.

[9:5]  ¹¹ tn Grk “a man”; but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used here in an individualized sense without being limited to the male gender.

[13:7]  ⁹ tn Grk “and it was given to him to go to war.” Here the passive construction has been simplified, the referent (the beast) has been specified for clarity, and καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[13:7]  ¹⁰ tc Many mss omit the phrase “it was given to make war with the saints and to overcome them” (Ì⁴⁷ A C 2053 Ï^A sa). It is, however, found in Ì^115vid א 051 1006 (1611) 1841 (1854) 2329 2344 2351 (Ï^K) lat sy^ph,(h) bo. Although the ms evidence is somewhat in favor of the shorter reading, the support of ̹¹⁵ (a recently-discovered ms) for the longer reading balances things out. Normally, the shorter reading should be given preference. However, in an instance in which homoioteleuton could play a role, caution must be exercised. In this passage, accidental omission is quite likely. That this could have happened seems apparent from the two occurrences of the identical phrase “and it was given to him” (καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ, kai edoqh autw) in v. 7. The scribe’s eye skipped over the first καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ and went to the second, hence creating an accidental omission of eleven words.

[13:7]  ¹¹ tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.

[13:7]  ¹² tn Grk “and people,” but καί (kai) has not been translated here or before the following term since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.