Discovery BoxRevelation 3:1
Context3:1 “To 1 the angel of the church in Sardis write the following: 2
“This is the solemn pronouncement of 3 the one who holds 4 the seven spirits of God and the seven stars: ‘I know your deeds, that you have a reputation 5 that you are alive, but 6 in reality 7 you are dead.
Revelation 5:6
Context5:6 Then 8 I saw standing in the middle of the throne 9 and of the four living creatures, and in the middle of the elders, a Lamb that appeared to have been killed. 10 He had 11 seven horns and seven eyes, which 12 are the seven 13 spirits of God 14 sent out into all the earth.
Revelation 5:9
Context5:9 They were singing a new song: 15
“You are worthy to take the scroll
and to open its seals
because you were killed, 16
and at the cost of your own blood 17 you have purchased 18 for God
persons 19 from every tribe, language, 20 people, and nation.
Revelation 5:13
Context5:13 Then 21 I heard every creature – in heaven, on earth, under the earth, in the sea, and all that is in them – singing: 22
“To the one seated on the throne and to the Lamb
be praise, honor, glory, and ruling power 23 forever and ever!”
Revelation 7:14
Context7:14 So 24 I said to him, “My lord, you know the answer.” 25 Then 26 he said to me, “These are the ones who have come out of the great tribulation. They 27 have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb!
Revelation 10:6
Context10:6 and swore by the one who lives forever and ever, who created heaven and what is in it, and the earth and what is in it, and the sea and what is in it, “There will be no more delay! 28
[3:1] 1 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
[3:1] 2 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
[3:1] 3 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.
[3:1] 4 tn Grk “who has” (cf. 1:16).
[3:1] 6 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
[3:1] 7 tn The prepositional phrase “in reality” is supplied in the translation to make explicit the idea that their being alive was only an illusion.
[5:6] 8 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
[5:6] 9 tn Perhaps, “in the middle of the throne area” (see L&N 83.10).
[5:6] 10 tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.” The phrase behind this translation is ὡς ἐσφαγμένον (Jw" ejsfagmenon). The particle ὡς is used in Greek generally for comparison, and in Revelation it is used often to describe the appearance of what the author saw. This phrase does not imply that the Lamb “appeared to have been killed” but in reality was not, because the wider context of the NT shows that in fact the Lamb, i.e., Jesus, was killed. See 13:3 for the only other occurrence of this phrase in the NT.
[5:6] 11 tn Grk “killed, having.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the pronoun “he.”
[5:6] 12 sn The relative pronoun which is masculine, referring back to the eyes rather than to the horns.
[5:6] 13 tc There is good ms evidence for the inclusion of “seven” (ἑπτά, Jepta; Ì24 א 2053 2351 ÏK). There is equally good ms support for the omission of the term (A 1006 1611 ÏA pc). It may have been accidentally added due to its repeated presence in the immediately preceding phrases, or it may have been intentionally added to maintain the symmetry of the phrases or more likely to harmonize the phrase with 1:4; 3:1; 4:5. Or it may have been accidentally deleted by way of homoioteleuton (τὰ ἑπτά, ta Jepta). A decision is difficult in this instance. NA27 also does not find the problem easy to solve, placing the word in brackets to indicate doubts as to its authenticity.
[5:6] 14 sn See the note on the phrase the seven spirits of God in Rev 4:5.
[5:9] 15 tn The redundant participle λέγοντες (legontes) has not been translated here.
[5:9] 16 tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”
[5:9] 17 tn The preposition ἐν (en) is taken to indicate price here, like the Hebrew preposition ב (bet) does at times. BDAG 329 s.v. ἐν 5.b states, “The ἐν which takes the place of the gen. of price is also instrumental ἠγόρασας ἐν τῷ αἵματί σου Rv 5:9 (cp. 1 Ch 21:24 ἀγοράζω ἐν ἀργυρίῳ).”
[5:9] 18 tc The Greek text as it stands above (i.e., the reading τῷ θεῷ [tw qew] alone) is found in codex A. א 2050 2344 Ï sy add the term “us” (ἡμᾶς, Jhmas), either before or after τῷ θεῷ, as an attempt to clarify the object of “purchased” (ἠγόρασας, hgorasa"). A few
[5:9] 19 tn The word “persons” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context.
[5:9] 20 tn Grk “and language,” but καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
[5:13] 22 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
[7:14] 29 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the previous question.
[7:14] 30 tn Though the expression “the answer” is not in the Greek text, it is clearly implied. Direct objects in Greek were frequently omitted when clear from the context.
[7:14] 31 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
[7:14] 32 tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
