

[3:16] 2 tn This is the literal meaning of the Greek verb ἐμέω (emew). It is usually translated with a much weaker term like “spit out” due to the unpleasant connotations of the English verb “vomit,” as noted by L&N 23.44. The situation confronting the Laodicean church is a dire one, however, and such a term is necessary if the modern reader is to understand the gravity of the situation.
[10:11] 3 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
[10:11] 4 tn The referent of “they” is not clear in the Greek text.
[10:11] 5 tn Grk “and nations,” but καί (kai) has not been translated here or before the next item since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.