Discovery BoxRevelation 4:3
Context4:3 And the one seated on it was like jasper 1 and carnelian 2 in appearance, and a rainbow looking like it was made of emerald 3 encircled the throne.
Revelation 21:11
Context21:11 The city possesses 4 the glory of God; its brilliance is like a precious jewel, like a stone of crystal-clear jasper. 5
Revelation 11:1
Context11:1 Then 6 a measuring rod 7 like a staff was given to me, and I was told, 8 “Get up and measure the temple of God, and the altar, and the ones who worship there.
Revelation 13:4
Context13:4 they worshiped the dragon because he had given ruling authority 9 to the beast, and they worshiped the beast too, saying: “Who is like the beast?” and “Who is able to make war against him?” 10
[4:3] 1 tn Grk “jasper stone.”
[4:3] 2 sn Carnelian was a semiprecious gemstone, usually red in color (L&N 2.36).
[4:3] 3 tn Or “a rainbow emerald-like in appearance.”
[21:11] 4 tn Grk “from God, having the glory of God.” Here a new sentence was started in the translation by supplying the words “the city” to refer back to the previous clause and translating the participle (“having”) as a finite verb.
[21:11] 5 tn On the term ἰάσπιδι (iaspidi) BDAG 465 s.v. ἴασπις states, “jasper, a precious stone found in various colors, mostly reddish, somet. green…brown, blue, yellow, and white. In antiquity the name was not limited to the variety of quartz now called jasper, but could designate any opaque precious stone. Rv 21:18f. W. λίθος 4:3 (TestSol C 11:8). λίθος ἴασπις κρυσταλλίζων a stone of crystal-clear jasper 21:11 (cp. Is 54:12); perh. the opal is meant here; acc. to some, the diamond.”
[11:1] 7 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
[11:1] 8 tn Grk “a reed” (but these were used for measuring). Cf. Ezek 40:3ff.
[13:4] 10 tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.
[13:4] 11 tn On the use of the masculine pronoun to refer to the beast, see the note on the word “It” in 13:1.
