Revelation 4:4

4:4 In ¹  a circle around the throne were twenty-four other thrones, and seated on those thrones were twenty-four elders. They were ²  dressed in white clothing and had golden crowns ³  on their heads.

Revelation 6:2

6:2 So ⁴  I looked, ⁵  and here came ⁶  a white horse! The ⁷  one who rode it ⁸  had a bow, and he was given a crown, ⁹  and as a conqueror ¹⁰  he rode out to conquer.

Revelation 14:14

14:14 Then ¹¹  I looked, and a white cloud appeared, ¹²  and seated on the cloud was one like a son of man! ¹³  He had ¹⁴  a golden crown on his head and a sharp sickle in his hand.

Revelation 17:8

17:8 The beast you saw was, and is not, but is about to come up from the abyss ¹⁵  and then go to destruction. The ¹⁶  inhabitants of the earth – all those whose names have not been written in the book of life since the foundation of the world – will be astounded when they see that ¹⁷  the beast was, and is not, but is to come.

[4:4]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[4:4]  ² tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the words “They were” to indicate the connection to the preceding material.

[4:4]  ³ sn See the note on the word crown in Rev 3:11.

[6:2]  ⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of hearing the voice summon the first rider.

[6:2]  ⁵ tc The reading “and I looked” (καὶ εἶδον, kai eidon) or some slight variation (e.g., ἶδον, idon) has excellent ms support ({א A C P 1611}) and its omission seems to come through the mss that have already placed “and look” (καὶ ἴδε or καὶ βλέπε [kai ide or kai blepe]) after the verb “come” (ἔρχου, ercou) as mentioned in the text-critical note on 6:1. Thus, for these copyists it was redundant to add “and I looked” again.

[6:2]  ⁶ tn The phrase “and here came” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).

[6:2]  ⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[6:2]  ⁸ tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”

[6:2]  ⁹ sn See the note on the word crown in Rev 3:11.

[6:2]  ¹⁰ tn The participle νικῶν (nikwn) has been translated as substantival, the subject of the verb ἐξῆλθεν (exhlqen). Otherwise, as an adverbial participle of manner, it is somewhat redundant: “he rode out conquering and to conquer.”

[14:14]  ⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[14:14]  ⁸ tn Grk “and behold, a white cloud.”

[14:14]  ⁹ tn This phrase constitutes an allusion to Dan 7:13. Concerning υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου (Juio" tou anqrwpou), BDAG 1026 s.v. υἱός 2.d.γ says: “ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου lit. ‘the son of the man’…‘the human being, the human one, the man’…On Israelite thought contemporary w. Jesus and alleged knowledge of a heavenly being looked upon as a ‘Son of Man’ or ‘Man’, who exercises Messianic functions such as judging the world (metaph., pictorial passages in En 46-48; 4 Esdr 13:3, 51f)…Outside the gospels: Ac 7:56…Rv 1:13; 14:14 (both after Da 7:13…).” The term “son” here in this expression is anarthrous and as such lacks specificity. Some commentators and translations take the expression as an allusion to Daniel 7:13 and not to “the son of man” found in gospel traditions (e.g., Mark 8:31; 9:12; cf. D. E. Aune, Revelation [WBC], 2:800-801; cf. also NIV). Other commentators and versions, however, take the phrase “son of man” as definite, involving allusions to Dan 7:13 and “the son of man” gospel traditions (see G. K. Beale, Revelation [NIGTC], 771-72; NRSV).

[14:14]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “like a son of man, having.” In the Greek text this is a continuation of the previous sentence.

[17:8]  ¹⁰ tn On this term BDAG 2 s.v. ἄβυσσος 2 states, “netherworld, abyss, esp. the abode of the dead Ro 10:7 (Ps 106:26) and of demons Lk 8:31; dungeon where the devil is kept Rv 20:3; abode of the θηρίον, the Antichrist 11:7; 17:8; of ᾿Αβαδδών (q.v.), the angel of the underworld 9:11…φρέαρ τῆς ἀ. 9:1f; capable of being sealed 9:1; 20:1, 3.”

[17:8]  ¹¹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[17:8]  ¹² tn Some translations take the ὅτι (Joti) here as causal: “because he was, and is not, but is to come” (so NIV, NRSV), but it is much more likely that the subject of the ὅτι clause has been assimilated into the main clause: “when they see the beast, that he was…” = “when they see that the beast was” (so BDAG 732 s.v. ὅτι 1.f, where Rev 17:8 is listed).