Revelation 4:5
Context4:5 From 1 the throne came out flashes of lightning and roaring 2 and crashes of thunder. Seven flaming torches, which are the seven spirits of God, 3 were burning in front of the throne
Revelation 6:10
Context6:10 They 4 cried out with a loud voice, 5 “How long, 6 Sovereign Master, 7 holy and true, before you judge those who live on the earth and avenge our blood?”
Revelation 7:2
Context7:2 Then 8 I saw another angel ascending from the east, 9 who had 10 the seal 11 of the living God. He 12 shouted out with a loud voice to the four angels who had been given permission 13 to damage the earth and the sea: 14
Revelation 16:14
Context16:14 For they are the spirits of the demons performing signs who go out to the kings of the earth 15 to bring them together for the battle that will take place on the great day of God, the All-Powerful. 16
Revelation 17:17
Context17:17 For God has put into their minds 17 to carry out his purpose 18 by making 19 a decision 20 to give their royal power 21 to the beast until the words of God are fulfilled. 22


[4:5] 1 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[4:5] 2 tn Or “sounds,” “voices.” It is not entirely clear what this refers to. BDAG 1071 s.v. φωνή 1 states, “In Rv we have ἀστραπαὶ καὶ φωναὶ καὶ βρονταί (cp. Ex 19:16) 4:5; 8:5; 11:19; 16:18 (are certain other sounds in nature thought of here in addition to thunder, as e.g. the roar of the storm?…).”
[4:5] 3 sn Some interpret the seven spirits of God as angelic beings, while others see them as a reference to the sevenfold ministry of the Holy Spirit.
[6:10] 4 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[6:10] 5 tn Grk “voice, saying”; the participle λέγοντες (legontes) is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated here.
[6:10] 6 tn The expression ἕως πότε (ews pote) was translated “how long.” Cf. BDAG 423 s.v. ἕως 1.b.γ.
[6:10] 7 tn The Greek term here is δεσπότης (despoths; see L&N 37.63).
[7:2] 7 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
[7:2] 8 tn Grk “from the rising of the sun.” BDAG 74 s.v. ἀνατολή 2.a takes this as a geographical direction: “ἀπὸ ἀ. ἡλίου…from the east Rv 7:2; 16:12…simply ἀπὸ ἀ. …21:13.”
[7:2] 9 tn Grk “having,” but v. 3 makes it clear that the angel’s purpose is to seal others with the seal he carries.
[7:2] 10 tn Or “signet” (L&N 6.54).
[7:2] 11 tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[7:2] 12 tn The word “permission” is implied; Grk “to whom it was given to them to damage the earth.”
[7:2] 13 tn Grk “saying.” The participle λέγων (legwn) is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
[16:14] 10 tn BDAG 699 s.v. οἰκουμένη 1 states, “the inhabited earth, the world…ὅλη ἡ οἰκ. the whole inhabited earth…Mt 24:14; Ac 11:28; Rv 3:10; 16:14.”
[16:14] 11 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”
[17:17] 14 tn Or “his intent.”
[17:17] 15 tn The infinitive ποιῆσαι (poihsai) was translated here as giving the logical means by which God’s purpose was carried out.
[17:17] 16 tn On this term BDAG 203 s.v. γνώμη 4 states, “declaration, decision, resolution…of God Rv 17:17.”
[17:17] 17 tn For this translation see BDAG 168 s.v. βασιλεία 1.a, “kingship, royal power, royal rule.”