Revelation 9:3

9:3 Then ¹  out of the smoke came locusts onto the earth, and they were given power ²  like that of the scorpions of the earth.

Revelation 9:5

9:5 The locusts ³  were not given permission ⁴  to kill ⁵  them, but only to torture ⁶  them ⁷  for five months, and their torture was like that ⁸  of a scorpion when it stings a person. ⁹ 

Revelation 11:1

The Fate of the Two Witnesses

11:1 Then ¹⁰  a measuring rod ¹¹  like a staff was given to me, and I was told, ¹²  “Get up and measure the temple of God, and the altar, and the ones who worship there.

Revelation 16:8

16:8 Then ¹³  the fourth angel ¹⁴  poured out his bowl on the sun, and it was permitted to scorch people ¹⁵  with fire.

[9:3]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[9:3]  ² tn See BDAG 352 s.v. ἐξουσία 2, “potential or resource to command, control, or govern, capability, might, power.”

[9:5]  ³ tn Grk “It was not permitted to them”; the referent (the locusts) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[9:5]  ⁴ tn The word “permission” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.

[9:5]  ⁵ tn The two ἵνα (Jina) clauses of 9:5 are understood to be functioning as epexegetical or complementary clauses related to ἐδόθη (edoqh).

[9:5]  ⁶ tn On this term BDAG 168 s.v. βασανισμός states, “1. infliction of severe suffering or pain associated with torture or torment, tormenting, torture Rv 9:5b. – 2. the severe pain experienced through torture, torment vs. 5a; 14:11; 18:10, 15; (w. πένθος) vs. 7.”

[9:5]  ⁷ tn The pronoun “them” is not in the Greek text but is picked up from the previous clause.

[9:5]  ⁸ tn Grk “like the torture,” but this is redundant in contemporary English.

[9:5]  ⁹ tn Grk “a man”; but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used here in an individualized sense without being limited to the male gender.

[11:1]  ⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[11:1]  ⁶ tn Grk “a reed” (but these were used for measuring). Cf. Ezek 40:3ff.

[11:1]  ⁷ tn Grk “saying.”

[16:8]  ⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[16:8]  ⁸ tn Grk “the fourth”; the referent (the fourth angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[16:8]  ⁹ tn Grk “men,” but this is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") and refers to both men and women.