Romans 1:32

1:32 Although they fully know ¹  God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, ²  they not only do them but also approve of those who practice them. ³ 

Romans 2:15

2:15 They ⁴  show that the work of the law is written ⁵  in their hearts, as their conscience bears witness and their conflicting thoughts accuse or else defend ⁶  them, ⁷ 

Romans 3:19

3:19 Now we know that whatever the law says, it says to those who are under ⁸  the law, so that every mouth may be silenced and the whole world may be held accountable to God.

Romans 5:12

The Amplification of Justification

5:12 So then, just as sin entered the world through one man and death through sin, and so death spread to all people ⁹  because ¹⁰  all sinned –

Romans 5:14

5:14 Yet death reigned from Adam until Moses even over those who did not sin in the same way that Adam (who is a type ¹¹  of the coming one) transgressed. ¹² 

Romans 6:13

6:13 and do not present your members to sin as instruments ¹³  to be used for unrighteousness, ¹⁴  but present yourselves to God as those who are alive from the dead and your members to God as instruments ¹⁵  to be used for righteousness.

Romans 7:13

7:13 Did that which is good, then, become death to me? Absolutely not! But sin, so that it would be shown to be sin, produced death in me through what is good, so that through the commandment sin would become utterly sinful.

Romans 9:17

9:17 For the scripture says to Pharaoh: ¹⁶  “For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I may demonstrate my power in you, and that my name may be proclaimed in all the earth.” ¹⁷ 

Romans 10:8

10:8 But what does it say? “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart” ¹⁸  (that is, the word of faith that we preach),

Romans 10:18

10:18 But I ask, have they ¹⁹  not heard? ²⁰  Yes, they have: ²¹  Their voice has gone out to all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world. ²² 

Romans 11:2

11:2 God has not rejected his people whom he foreknew! Do you not know what the scripture says about Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel?

Romans 12:1

Consecration of the Believer’s Life

12:1 Therefore I exhort you, brothers and sisters, ²³  by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a sacrifice – alive, holy, and pleasing to God ²⁴  – which is your reasonable service.

Romans 12:3

Conduct in Humility

12:3 For by the grace given to me I say to every one of you not to think more highly of yourself than you ought to think, but to think with sober discernment, as God has distributed to each of you ²⁵  a measure of faith. ²⁶ 

Romans 13:3-4

13:3 (for rulers cause no fear for good conduct but for bad). Do you desire not to fear authority? Do good and you will receive its commendation, 13:4 for it is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be in fear, for it does not bear the sword in vain. It is God’s servant to administer retribution on the wrongdoer.

Romans 15:13

15:13 Now may the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace as you believe in him, ²⁷  so that you may abound in hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.

Romans 15:30

15:30 Now I urge you, brothers and sisters, ²⁸  through our Lord Jesus Christ and through the love of the Spirit, to join fervently with me in prayer to God on my behalf.

[1:32]  ¹ tn Grk “who, knowing…, not only do them but also approve…” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[1:32]  ² tn Grk “are worthy of death.”

[1:32]  ³ sn “Vice lists” like vv. 28-32 can be found elsewhere in the NT in Matt 15:19; Gal 5:19-21; 1 Tim 1:9-10; and 1 Pet 4:3. An example from the intertestamental period can be found in Wis 14:25-26.

[2:15]  ⁴ tn Grk “who.” The relative pronoun was converted to a personal pronoun and, because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[2:15]  ⁵ tn Grk “show the work of the law [to be] written,” with the words in brackets implied by the Greek construction.

[2:15]  ⁶ tn Or “excuse.”

[2:15]  ⁷ tn Grk “their conscience bearing witness and between the thoughts accusing or also defending one another.”

[3:19]  ⁷ tn Grk “in,” “in connection with.”

[5:12]  ¹⁰ tn Here ἀνθρώπους (anqrwpou") has been translated as a generic (“people”) since both men and women are clearly intended in this context.

[5:12]  ¹¹ tn The translation of the phrase ἐφ᾿ ᾧ (ef Jw) has been heavily debated. For a discussion of all the possibilities, see C. E. B. Cranfield, “On Some of the Problems in the Interpretation of Romans 5.12,” SJT 22 (1969): 324-41. Only a few of the major options can be mentioned here: (1) the phrase can be taken as a relative clause in which the pronoun refers to Adam, “death spread to all people in whom [Adam] all sinned.” (2) The phrase can be taken with consecutive (resultative) force, meaning “death spread to all people with the result that all sinned.” (3) Others take the phrase as causal in force: “death spread to all people because all sinned.”

[5:14]  ¹³ tn Or “pattern.”

[5:14]  ¹⁴ tn Or “disobeyed”; Grk “in the likeness of Adam’s transgression.”

[6:13]  ¹⁶ tn Or “weapons, tools.”

[6:13]  ¹⁷ tn Or “wickedness, injustice.”

[6:13]  ¹⁸ tn Or “weapons, tools.”

[9:17]  ¹⁹ sn Paul uses a typical rabbinic formula here in which the OT scriptures are figuratively portrayed as speaking to Pharaoh. What he means is that the scripture he cites refers (or can be applied) to Pharaoh.

[9:17]  ²⁰ sn A quotation from Exod 9:16.

[10:8]  ²² sn A quotation from Deut 30:14.

[10:18]  ²⁵ tn That is, Israel (see the following verse).

[10:18]  ²⁶ tn Grk “they have not ‘not heard,’ have they?” This question is difficult to render in English. The basic question is a negative sentence (“Have they not heard?”), but it is preceded by the particle μή (mh) which expects a negative response. The end result in English is a double negative (“They have not ‘not heard,’ have they?”). This has been changed to a positive question in the translation for clarity. See BDAG 646 s.v. μή 3.a.; D. Moo, Romans (NICNT), 666, fn. 32; and C. E. B. Cranfield, Romans (ICC), 537, for discussion.

[10:18]  ²⁷ tn Here the particle μενοῦνγε (menounge) is correcting the negative response expected by the particle μή (mh) in the preceding question. Since the question has been translated positively, the translation was changed here to reflect that rendering.

[10:18]  ²⁸ sn A quotation from Ps 19:4.

[12:1]  ²⁸ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13.

[12:1]  ²⁹ tn The participle and two adjectives “alive, holy, and pleasing to God” are taken as predicates in relation to “sacrifice,” making the exhortation more emphatic. See ExSyn 618-19.

[12:3]  ³¹ tn The words “of you” have been supplied for clarity.

[12:3]  ³² tn Or “to each as God has distributed a measure of faith.”

[15:13]  ³⁴ tn Grk “in the believing” or “as [you] believe,” with the object “him” supplied from the context. The referent could be God (15:13a) or Christ (15:12).

[15:30]  ³⁷ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13.