Romans 11:5

11:5 So in the same way at the present time there is a remnant chosen by grace.

Romans 2:25

2:25 For circumcision ¹  has its value if you practice the law, but ²  if you break the law, ³  your circumcision has become uncircumcision.

Romans 11:25

11:25 For I do not want you to be ignorant of this mystery, brothers and sisters, ⁴  so that you may not be conceited: A partial hardening has happened to Israel ⁵  until the full number ⁶  of the Gentiles has come in.

[2:25]  ¹ sn Circumcision refers to male circumcision as prescribed in the OT, which was given as a covenant to Abraham in Gen 17:10-14. Its importance for Judaism can hardly be overstated: According to J. D. G. Dunn (Romans [WBC], 1:120) it was the “single clearest distinguishing feature of the covenant people.” J. Marcus has suggested that the terms used for circumcision (περιτομή, peritomh) and uncircumcision (ἀκροβυστία, akrobustia) were probably derogatory slogans used by Jews and Gentiles to describe their opponents (“The Circumcision and the Uncircumcision in Rome,” NTS 35 [1989]: 77-80).

[2:25]  ² tn This contrast is clearer and stronger in Greek than can be easily expressed in English.

[2:25]  ³ tn Grk “if you should be a transgressor of the law.”

[11:25]  ¹ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13.

[11:25]  ² tn Or “Israel has experienced a hardening in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in.”

[11:25]  ³ tn Grk “fullness.”