Romans 4:25

4:25 He ¹  was given over ²  because of our transgressions and was raised for the sake of ³  our justification. ⁴ 

Romans 5:20

5:20 Now the law came in ⁵  so that the transgression ⁶  may increase, but where sin increased, grace multiplied all the more,

Romans 11:12

11:12 Now if their transgression means riches for the world and their defeat means riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their full restoration ⁷  bring?

Romans 5:16

5:16 And the gift is not like the one who sinned. ⁸  For judgment, resulting from the one transgression, ⁹  led to condemnation, but ¹⁰  the gracious gift from the many failures ¹¹  led to justification.

Romans 5:18

5:18 Consequently, ¹²  just as condemnation ¹³  for all people ¹⁴  came ¹⁵  through one transgression, ¹⁶  so too through the one righteous act ¹⁷  came righteousness leading to life ¹⁸  for all people.

Romans 11:11

11:11 I ask then, they did not stumble into an irrevocable fall, ¹⁹  did they? Absolutely not! But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make Israel ²⁰  jealous.

Romans 5:15

5:15 But the gracious gift is not like the transgression. ²¹  For if the many died through the transgression of the one man, ²²  how much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one man Jesus Christ multiply to the many!

Romans 5:17

5:17 For if, by the transgression of the one man, ²³  death reigned through the one, how much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life through the one, Jesus Christ!

[4:25]  ¹ tn Grk “who,” referring to Jesus. The relative pronoun was converted to a personal pronoun and, because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[4:25]  ² tn Or “handed over.”

[4:25]  ³ tn Grk “because of.” However, in light of the unsatisfactory sense that a causal nuance would here suggest, it has been argued that the second διά (dia) is prospective rather than retrospective (D. Moo, Romans [NICNT], 288-89). The difficulty of this interpretation is the structural balance that both διά phrases provide (“given over because of our transgressions…raised because of our justification”). However the poetic structure of this verse strengthens the likelihood that the clauses each have a different force.

[4:25]  ⁴ sn Many scholars regard Rom 4:25 to be poetic or hymnic. These terms are used broadly to refer to the genre of writing, not to the content. There are two broad criteria for determining if a passage is poetic or hymnic: “(a) stylistic: a certain rhythmical lilt when the passages are read aloud, the presence of parallelismus membrorum (i.e., an arrangement into couplets), the semblance of some metre, and the presence of rhetorical devices such as alliteration, chiasmus, and antithesis; and (b) linguistic: an unusual vocabulary, particularly the presence of theological terms, which is different from the surrounding context” (P. T. O’Brien, Philippians [NIGTC], 188-89). Classifying a passage as hymnic or poetic is important because understanding this genre can provide keys to interpretation. However, not all scholars agree that the above criteria are present in this passage.

[5:20]  ⁵ tn Grk “slipped in.”

[5:20]  ⁶ tn Or “trespass.”

[11:12]  ⁹ tn Or “full inclusion”; Grk “their fullness.”

[5:16]  ¹³ tn Grk “and not as through the one who sinned [is] the gift.”

[5:16]  ¹⁴ tn The word “transgression” is not in the Greek text at this point, but has been supplied for clarity.

[5:16]  ¹⁵ tn Greek emphasizes the contrast between these two clauses more than can be easily expressed in English.

[5:16]  ¹⁶ tn Or “falls, trespasses,” the same word used in vv. 15, 17, 18, 20.

[5:18]  ¹⁷ tn There is a double connective here that cannot be easily preserved in English: “consequently therefore,” emphasizing the conclusion of what he has been arguing.

[5:18]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “[it is] unto condemnation for all people.”

[5:18]  ¹⁹ tn Here ἀνθρώπους (anqrwpou") has been translated as a generic (“people”) since both men and women are clearly intended in this context.

[5:18]  ²⁰ tn There are no verbs in the Greek text of v. 18, forcing translators to supply phrases like “came through one transgression,” “resulted from one transgression,” etc.

[5:18]  ²¹ sn One transgression refers to the sin of Adam in Gen 3:1-24.

[5:18]  ²² sn The one righteous act refers to Jesus’ death on the cross.

[5:18]  ²³ tn Grk “righteousness of life.”

[11:11]  ²¹ tn Grk “that they might fall.”

[11:11]  ²² tn Grk “them”; the referent (Israel, cf. 11:7) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[5:15]  ²⁵ tn Grk “but not as the transgression, so also [is] the gracious gift.”

[5:15]  ²⁶ sn Here the one man refers to Adam (cf. 5:14).

[5:17]  ²⁹ sn Here the one man refers to Adam (cf. 5:14).