Romans 5:12

The Amplification of Justification

5:12 So then, just as sin entered the world through one man and death through sin, and so death spread to all people ¹  because ²  all sinned –

Romans 6:22

6:22 But now, freed ³  from sin and enslaved to God, you have your benefit ⁴  leading to sanctification, and the end is eternal life.

Romans 7:8

7:8 But sin, seizing the opportunity through the commandment, produced in me all kinds of wrong desires. ⁵  For apart from the law, sin is dead.

Romans 11:36

11:36 For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever! Amen.

Romans 15:5

15:5 Now may the God of endurance and comfort give you unity with one another ⁶  in accordance with Christ Jesus,

[5:12]  ¹ tn Here ἀνθρώπους (anqrwpou") has been translated as a generic (“people”) since both men and women are clearly intended in this context.

[5:12]  ² tn The translation of the phrase ἐφ᾿ ᾧ (ef Jw) has been heavily debated. For a discussion of all the possibilities, see C. E. B. Cranfield, “On Some of the Problems in the Interpretation of Romans 5.12,” SJT 22 (1969): 324-41. Only a few of the major options can be mentioned here: (1) the phrase can be taken as a relative clause in which the pronoun refers to Adam, “death spread to all people in whom [Adam] all sinned.” (2) The phrase can be taken with consecutive (resultative) force, meaning “death spread to all people with the result that all sinned.” (3) Others take the phrase as causal in force: “death spread to all people because all sinned.”

[6:22]  ³ tn The two aorist participles translated “freed” and “enslaved” are causal in force; their full force is something like “But now, since you have become freed from sin and since you have become enslaved to God….”

[6:22]  ⁴ tn Grk “fruit.”

[7:8]  ⁵ tn Or “covetousness.”

[15:5]  ⁷ tn Grk “grant you to think the same among one another.”