Romans 5:16

5:16 And the gift is not like the one who sinned. ¹  For judgment, resulting from the one transgression, ²  led to condemnation, but ³  the gracious gift from the many failures ⁴  led to justification.

Romans 5:18

5:18 Consequently, ⁵  just as condemnation ⁶  for all people ⁷  came ⁸  through one transgression, ⁹  so too through the one righteous act ¹⁰  came righteousness leading to life ¹¹  for all people.

Romans 1:32

1:32 Although they fully know ¹²  God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, ¹³  they not only do them but also approve of those who practice them. ¹⁴ 

[5:16]  ¹ tn Grk “and not as through the one who sinned [is] the gift.”

[5:16]  ² tn The word “transgression” is not in the Greek text at this point, but has been supplied for clarity.

[5:16]  ³ tn Greek emphasizes the contrast between these two clauses more than can be easily expressed in English.

[5:16]  ⁴ tn Or “falls, trespasses,” the same word used in vv. 15, 17, 18, 20.

[5:18]  ⁵ tn There is a double connective here that cannot be easily preserved in English: “consequently therefore,” emphasizing the conclusion of what he has been arguing.

[5:18]  ⁶ tn Grk “[it is] unto condemnation for all people.”

[5:18]  ⁷ tn Here ἀνθρώπους (anqrwpou") has been translated as a generic (“people”) since both men and women are clearly intended in this context.

[5:18]  ⁸ tn There are no verbs in the Greek text of v. 18, forcing translators to supply phrases like “came through one transgression,” “resulted from one transgression,” etc.

[5:18]  ⁹ sn One transgression refers to the sin of Adam in Gen 3:1-24.

[5:18]  ¹⁰ sn The one righteous act refers to Jesus’ death on the cross.

[5:18]  ¹¹ tn Grk “righteousness of life.”

[1:32]  ⁹ tn Grk “who, knowing…, not only do them but also approve…” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[1:32]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “are worthy of death.”

[1:32]  ¹¹ sn “Vice lists” like vv. 28-32 can be found elsewhere in the NT in Matt 15:19; Gal 5:19-21; 1 Tim 1:9-10; and 1 Pet 4:3. An example from the intertestamental period can be found in Wis 14:25-26.