Romans 8:1

The Believer’s Relationship to the Holy Spirit

8:1 There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus. ¹ 

Romans 8:4-6

8:4 so that the righteous requirement of the law may be fulfilled in us, who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.

8:5 For those who live according to the flesh have their outlook shaped by ²  the things of the flesh, but those who live according to the Spirit have their outlook shaped by the things of the Spirit. 8:6 For the outlook ³  of the flesh is death, but the outlook of the Spirit is life and peace,

Romans 6:21

6:21 So what benefit ⁴  did you then reap ⁵  from those things that you are now ashamed of? For the end of those things is death.

Romans 6:23

6:23 For the payoff ⁶  of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Romans 7:5

7:5 For when we were in the flesh, ⁷  the sinful desires, ⁸  aroused by the law, were active in the members of our body ⁹  to bear fruit for death.

Galatians 5:19-21

5:19 Now the works of the flesh ¹⁰  are obvious: ¹¹  sexual immorality, impurity, depravity, 5:20 idolatry, sorcery, ¹²  hostilities, ¹³  strife, ¹⁴  jealousy, outbursts of anger, selfish rivalries, dissensions, ¹⁵  factions, 5:21 envying, ¹⁶  murder, ¹⁷  drunkenness, carousing, ¹⁸  and similar things. I am warning you, as I had warned you before: Those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God!

Galatians 6:8

6:8 because the person who sows to his own flesh ¹⁹  will reap corruption ²⁰  from the flesh, ²¹  but the one who sows to the Spirit will reap eternal life from the Spirit.

Ephesians 5:3-5

5:3 But ²²  among you there must not be either sexual immorality, impurity of any kind, ²³  or greed, as these are not fitting for the saints. ²⁴  5:4 Neither should there be vulgar speech, foolish talk, or coarse jesting – all of which are out of character – but rather thanksgiving. 5:5 For you can be confident of this one thing: ²⁵  that no person who is immoral, impure, or greedy (such a person is an idolater) has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God.

Colossians 3:5-6

3:5 So put to death whatever in your nature belongs to the earth: ²⁶  sexual immorality, impurity, shameful passion, ²⁷  evil desire, and greed which is idolatry. 3:6 Because of these things the wrath of God is coming on the sons of disobedience. ²⁸ 

James 1:14-15

1:14 But each one is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desires. 1:15 Then when desire conceives, it gives birth to sin, and when sin is full grown, it gives birth to death.

[8:1]  ¹ tc The earliest and best witnesses of the Alexandrian and Western texts, as well as a few others (א* B D* F G 6 1506 1739 1881 pc co), have no additional words for v. 1. Later scribes (A D¹ Ψ 81 365 629 pc vg) added the words μὴ κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦσιν (mh kata sarka peripatousin, “who do not walk according to the flesh”), while even later ones (א² D² 33^vid Ï) added ἀλλὰ κατὰ πνεῦμα (alla kata pneuma, “but [who do walk] according to the Spirit”). Both the external evidence and the internal evidence are compelling for the shortest reading. The scribes were evidently motivated to add such qualifications (interpolated from v. 4) to insulate Paul’s gospel from charges that it was characterized too much by grace. The KJV follows the longest reading found in Ï.

[8:5]  ² tn Grk “think on” or “are intent on” (twice in this verse). What is in view here is not primarily preoccupation, however, but worldview. Translations like “set their mind on” could be misunderstood by the typical English reader to refer exclusively to preoccupation.

[8:6]  ³ tn Or “mindset,” “way of thinking” (twice in this verse and once in v. 7). The Greek term φρόνημα does not refer to one’s mind, but to one’s outlook or mindset.

[6:21]  ⁴ tn Grk “fruit.”

[6:21]  ⁵ tn Grk “have,” in a tense emphasizing their customary condition in the past.

[6:23]  ⁵ tn A figurative extension of ὀψώνιον (oywnion), which refers to a soldier’s pay or wages. Here it refers to the end result of an activity, seen as something one receives back in return. In this case the activity is sin, and the translation “payoff” captures this thought. See also L&N 89.42.

[7:5]  ⁶ tn That is, before we were in Christ.

[7:5]  ⁷ tn Or “sinful passions.”

[7:5]  ⁸ tn Grk “our members”; the words “of our body” have been supplied to clarify the meaning.

[5:19]  ⁷ tn See the note on the word “flesh” in Gal 5:13.

[5:19]  ⁸ tn Or “clear,” “evident.”

[5:20]  ⁸ tn Or “witchcraft.”

[5:20]  ⁹ tn Or “enmities,” “[acts of] hatred.”

[5:20]  ¹⁰ tn Or “discord” (L&N 39.22).

[5:20]  ¹¹ tn Or “discord(s)” (L&N 39.13).

[5:21]  ⁹ tn This term is plural in Greek (as is “murder” and “carousing”), but for clarity these abstract nouns have been translated as singular.

[5:21]  ¹⁰ tc ‡ φόνοι (fonoi, “murders”) is absent in such important mss as Ì⁴⁶ א B 33 81 323 945 pc sa, while the majority of mss (A C D F G Ψ 0122 0278 1739 1881 Ï lat) have the word. Although the pedigree of the mss which lack the term is of the highest degree, homoioteleuton may well explain the shorter reading. The preceding word has merely one letter difference, making it quite possible to overlook this term (φθόνοι φόνοι, fqonoi fonoi).

[5:21]  ¹¹ tn Or “revelings,” “orgies” (L&N 88.287).

[6:8]  ¹⁰ tn BDAG 915 s.v. σάρξ 2.c.α states: “In Paul’s thought esp., all parts of the body constitute a totality known as σ. or flesh, which is dominated by sin to such a degree that wherever flesh is, all forms of sin are likew. present, and no good thing can live in the σάρξ…Gal 5:13, 24;…Opp. τὸ πνεῦμα…Gal 3:3; 5:16, 17ab; 6:8ab.”

[6:8]  ¹¹ tn Or “destruction.”

[6:8]  ¹² tn See the note on the previous occurrence of the word “flesh” in this verse.

[5:3]  ¹¹ tn The term “But” translates the δέ (de) in a contrastive way in light of the perfect obedience of Jesus in vv. 1-2 and the vices mentioned in v. 3.

[5:3]  ¹² tn Grk “all impurity.”

[5:3]  ¹³ tn Grk “just as is fitting for saints.” The καθώς (kaqws) was rendered with “as” and the sense is causal, i.e., “for” or “because.” The negative particle “not” (“for these are not proper for the saints”) in this clause was supplied in English so as to make the sense very clear, i.e., that these vices are not befitting of those who name the name of Christ.

[5:5]  ¹² tn Grk “be knowing this.” See also 2 Pet 1:20 for a similar phrase: τοῦτο πρῶτον γινώσκοντες (touto prwton ginwskonte").

[3:5]  ¹³ tn Grk “the members which are on the earth.” See BDAG 628 s.v. μέλος 1, “put to death whatever in you is worldly.”

[3:5]  ¹⁴ tn Or “lust.”

[3:6]  ¹⁴ tc The words ἐπὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς τῆς ἀπειθείας (epi tou" Juiou" th" apeiqeia", “on the sons of disobedience”) are lacking in Ì⁴⁶ B b sa, but are found in א A C D F G H I Ψ 075 0278 33 1739 1881 Ï lat sy bo. The words are omitted by several English translations (NASB, NIV, ESV, TNIV). This textual problem is quite difficult to resolve. On the one hand, the parallel account in Eph 5:6 has these words, thus providing scribes a motive for adding them here. On the other hand, the reading without the words may be too hard: The ἐν οἷς (en |oi") of v. 7 seems to have no antecedent without υἱούς already in the text, although it could possibly be construed as neuter referring to the vice list in v. 5. Further, although the witness of B is especially important, there are other places in which B and Ì⁴⁶ share errant readings of omission. Nevertheless, the strength of the internal evidence against the longer reading is at least sufficient to cause doubt here. The decision to retain the words in the text is less than certain.