Romans 9:16

9:16 So then, ¹  it does not depend on human desire or exertion, ²  but on God who shows mercy.

Romans 9:18

9:18 So then, ³  God ⁴  has mercy on whom he chooses to have mercy, and he hardens whom he chooses to harden. ⁵ 

Romans 11:30-32

11:30 Just as you were formerly disobedient to God, but have now received mercy due to their disobedience, 11:31 so they too have now been disobedient in order that, by the mercy shown to you, they too may now ⁶  receive mercy. 11:32 For God has consigned all people to disobedience so that he may show mercy to them all. ⁷ 

[9:16]  ¹ sn There is a double connective here that cannot be easily preserved in English: “consequently therefore,” emphasizing the conclusion of what he has been arguing.

[9:16]  ² tn Grk “So then, [it does] not [depend] on the one who desires nor on the one who runs.”

[9:18]  ³ sn There is a double connective here that cannot be easily preserved in English: “consequently therefore,” emphasizing the conclusion of what he has been arguing.

[9:18]  ⁴ tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[9:18]  ⁵ tn Grk “So then, he has mercy on whom he desires, and he hardens whom he desires.”

[11:31]  ⁵ tc Some important Alexandrian and Western mss (א B D*^,c 1506 pc bo) read νῦν (nun, “now”) here. A few other mss (33 365 pc sa) have ὕστερον (Justeron, “finally”). mss that lack the word are Ì⁴⁶ A D² F G Ψ 1739 1881 Ï latt. External evidence slightly favors omission with good representatives from the major texttypes, and because of the alliance of Alexandrian and Byzantine mss (with the Byzantine going against its normal tendency to embrace the longer reading). Internally, scribes could have added νῦν here to give balance to the preceding clause (οὗτοι νῦν ἠπείθησαν…αὐτοὶ νῦν ἐλεηθῶσιν [|outoi nun hpeiqhsan…autoi nun elehqwsin; “they have now been disobedient…they may now receive mercy”]). However, it seems much more likely that they would have deleted it because of its seeming inappropriateness in this context. That some witnesses have ὕστερον presupposes the presence of νῦν in their ancestors. A decision is difficult, but νῦν is slightly preferred, since it is the more difficult reading and is adequately represented in the mss.

[11:32]  ⁷ tn Grk “to all”; “them” has been supplied for stylistic reasons.