¹ tn Heb “by your tribes.”

¹ tn Heb “by tribes.”

² tn Heb “tribes/clans.”

¹ tn Heb “living according to their tribes.”

² tn That is, among the other Israelite tribes.

³ sn The Ludites were African tribes west of the Nile Delta.

¹ sn The Hivites were Canaanite tribes of a Hurrian origin.

¹ tn Heb “the leaders of the fathers of the tribes.”

¹ tn Heb “and I will give it to you, ten tribes.”

² tn Heb “which is where the tribes go up.”

¹ tn The MT uses a word that actually means “assembler,” so these three tribes made up a strong rear force recognized as the assembler of all the tribes.

¹ sn The descendants of Gomer were all northern tribes of the Upper Euphrates.

¹ tc Heb “your heads, your tribes.” The Syriac presupposes either “heads of your tribes” or “your heads, your judges,” etc. (reading שֹׁפְטֵכֶם [shofÿtekhem] for שִׁבְטֵיכֶם [shivtekhem]). Its comparative difficulty favors the originality of the MT reading. Cf. KJV “your captains of your tribes”; NRSV “the leaders of your tribes”; NLT “your tribal leaders.”

² sn “This land” refers to the trans-Jordanian lands allotted to these tribes.

² tn Heb “and caused the tribes of Israel to settle down in their tents.”

⁵ sn Aram became the collective name of the northern tribes living in the steppes of Mesopotamia and speaking Aramaic dialects.

² tn The ban applied to the encampments and forts of this group of Midianite tribes living in the region of Moab.

¹ tn The word “tribes” has been supplied here and in the following verse in the translation for clarity.

³ tn Heb “and Joshua gave it for an inheritance to Israel according to their allotted portions by their tribes.”

¹ tn Heb “Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel as a possession according to their allotted portions.”