³ tn Heb “moved past [the?] regulation.”

⁵ tn Or “from all ages past.”

¹ tn Grk “past the time of maturity.”

² tn The shift here to past tense reflects the Greek text.

² tn Or “we are happy.” This verb may be past or present tense, but the context favors the past.

² tn The present tense verb has been translated as an extending-from-past present (a present of past action still in progress). See ExSyn 520.

² tn The imperfect verb form is future from the perspective of the past time narrative.

² tn The verb must be given a past perfect translation because the fleeing occurred before the telling.

¹ tn The participle is used here for durative action in the past time (GKC 359 §116.o).

¹ tn The Hebrew imperfect verbal form is used here to indicate repeated past action.

² tn The verb is again the prefix conjugation, but the narrative requires a past tense, or preterite.

¹ tn The imperfect verbal form here depicts the action as continuing in a past time frame.

² tn The imperfect verbal form here describes a continuing attitude in a past time frame.

² tn Or perhaps, “the former things” (so ASV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); TEV “The events of the past.”

¹ tn The imperfect verb looks back to the view that they held during Jesus’ past ministry.

² tn Grk “have,” in a tense emphasizing their customary condition in the past.

³ tn Grk “having gone along,” referring to the readers’ behavior in time past.

¹ tn The verb is pluperfect, but the force is simple past. See ExSyn 586.

² tn The verbs עָבָר חָמַק (khamaq ’avar, “he turned away, he went away”) may form a verbal hendiadys. Normally, the first verb will function as an adverb modifying the second which functions in its full verbal sense. Each functions as a perfect of recent past perfect action, describing a past event that took place shortly before another past event: “I opened [past action] for my beloved, but my lover had already turned and gone away [past perfect action].”

¹ tn Heb “This pile is a witness and the pillar is a witness, if I go past this pile to you and if you go past this pile and this pillar to me for harm.”