Discovery Box| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 18:40) |
1 tn Heb “and [as for] my enemies, you give to me [the] back [or “neck”].” The idiom “give [the] back” means “to cause [one] to turn the back and run away.” Cf. Exod 23:27. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 19:14) |
3 tn Heb “and the one who redeems me.” The metaphor casts the Lord in the role of a leader who protects members of his extended family in times of need and crisis. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 21:7) |
3 tn Another option is to translate the imperfect verbal form as future, “he will not be upended” (cf. NRSV “he shall not be moved”). Even if one chooses this option, the future tense must be understood in a generalizing sense. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 29:6) |
2 sn Lebanon and Sirion are compared to frisky young animals (a calf…a young ox) who skip and jump. The thunderous shout of the Lord is so powerful, one can see the very mountains shake on the horizon. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 31:3) |
1 sn The metaphor of the high ridge pictures God as a rocky, relatively inaccessible summit, where one would be able to find protection from enemies. See 1 Sam 23:25, 28. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 34:8) |
3 tn Heb “man.” The principle of the psalm is certainly applicable to all people, regardless of their gender or age. To facilitate modern application, we translate the gender and age specific “man” with the more neutral “one.” |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 34:21) |
1 tn Heb “evil kills the wicked [one].” The singular form is representative; the typical evil person is envisioned. The Hebrew imperfect verbal form draws attention to the typical nature of the action. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 35:10) |
3 tn Heb “from [the one who is] too strong for him.” The singular forms are used in a representative sense. The typical oppressed individual and typical oppressor are in view. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 38:5) |
1 sn The reference to wounds may be an extension of the metaphorical language of v. one%27s&tab=notes" ver="">2. The psalmist pictures himself as one whose flesh is ripped and torn by arrows. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 39:5) |
1 tn Heb “Look, handbreadths you make my days.” The “handbreadth” (equivalent to the width of four fingers) was one of the smallest measures used by ancient Israelites. See P. C. Craigie, Psalms 1-50 (WBC), 309. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 41:7) |
1 tn Heb “together against me they whisper, all those who hate me.” The Hitpael of לָחַשׁ (lakhash) refers here to whispering to one another (see 2 Sam 12:19). |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 42:9) |
2 tn This metaphor pictures God as a rocky, relatively inaccessible summit, where one would be able to find protection from enemies. See 1 Sam 23:25, 28; Pss 18:2; 31:3. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 49:10) |
2 tn The subject of the verb is probably the typical “man” mentioned in v. one%27s&tab=notes" ver="">7. The imperfect can be taken here as generalizing or as indicating potential (“surely he/one can see”). |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 49:13) |
1 tn Heb “this [is] their way, [there is] folly [belonging] to them.” The Hebrew term translated “this” could refer (1) back to the preceding verse[s] or (2) ahead to the subsequent statements. The translation assumes the latter, since v. one%27s&tab=notes" ver="">12 appears to be a refrain that concludes the psalm’s first major section and marks a structural boundary. (A similar refrain [see v. one%27s&tab=notes" ver="">20] concludes the second half of the psalm.) The noun דֶּרֶךְ (derekh, “way”) often refers to one’s lifestyle, but, if it relates to what follows, then here it likely refers metonymically to one’s destiny (the natural outcome of one’s lifestyle [cf. NEB, NIV, NRSV “fate”]). (See the discussion in K. Koch, TDOT 3:285.) If one prefers the more common nuance (“lifestyle”), then the term would look back to the self-confident attitude described in the earlier verses. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 50:23) |
2 tn Heb “and [to one who] sets a way I will show the deliverance of God.” Elsewhere the phrase “set a way” simply means “to travel” (see Gen 30:36; cf. NRSV). The present translation assumes an emendation of וְשָׂם דֶּרֶךְ (vÿsam derekh) to וְשֹׁמֵר דְּרָכַּי (vÿshomer dÿrakhay, “and [the one who] keeps my ways” [i.e., commands, see Pss 18:21; 37:34). Another option is to read וְשֹׁמֵר דַּרְכּוֹ (vÿshomer darko, “and [the one who] guards his way,” i.e., “the one who is careful to follow a godly lifestyle”; see Ps 39:1). |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 54:1) |
3 sn According to the superscription, David wrote this psalm during the period when Saul was seeking his life. On one occasion the Ziphites informed Saul that David was hiding in their territory (see 1 Sam 23:19-20). |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 55:1) |
1 sn Psalm 55. The suffering and oppressed author laments that one of his friends has betrayed him, but he is confident that God will vindicate him by punishing his deceitful enemies. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 57:4) |
3 tn Heb “my life, in the midst of lions, I lie down, devouring ones, sons of mankind, their teeth a spear and arrows and their tongue a sharp sword.” The syntax of the verse is difficult. Another option is to take “my life” with the preceding verse. For this to make sense, one must add a verb, perhaps “and may he deliver” (cf. the LXX), before the phrase. One might then translate, “May God send his loyal love and faithfulness and deliver my life.” If one does take “my life” with v. one%27s&tab=notes" ver="">4, then the parallelism of v. one%27s&tab=notes" ver="">5 is altered and one might translate: “in the midst of lions I lie down, [among] men who want to devour me, whose teeth….” |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 60:3) |
2 tn Heb “wine of staggering,” that is, intoxicating wine that makes one stagger in drunkenness. Intoxicating wine is here an image of divine judgment that makes its victims stagger like drunkards. See Isa 51:17-23. |
| (0.46074659615385) | (Psa 60:8) |
1 sn The metaphor of the washbasin, used to rinse one’s hands and feet, suggests that Moab, in contrast to Israel’s elevated position (vv. one%27s&tab=notes" ver="">6-7), would be reduced to the status of a servant. |
