¹ tn Heb “and he got up early…and he took.”

² tn These two verbs form a verbal hendiadys: “you can rise up early and go” means “you can go early.”

³ tn Heb “like the early rising dew that goes away”; TEV “like the dew that vanishes early in the day.”

⁶ tn Heb “But they got up early, they made corrupt all their actions.” The phrase “they got up early” probably refers to their eagerness to engage in sinful activities.

¹ tn Heb “And Abimelech rose early in the morning and he summoned.”

¹ tn Heb “and Abraham rose up early in the morning and he took.”

¹ tn Heb “Abraham rose up early in the morning and saddled his donkey.”

¹ tn Heb “and they got up early and they swore an oath, a man to his brother.”

² tn Heb “and Laban got up early in the morning and he kissed.”

¹ tn Heb “On the seventh day they rose early, when the dawn ascended.”

² tn Heb “when you get up early in the morning and you have light, go.”

³ tn This rare word may refer to the early (or autumn) rains (see Joel 2:23).

¹ tn Heb “Woe [to] those who arise early in the morning, [who] chase beer.”

³ tn Heb “the dew departing early” (BDB 1014 s.v. שָׁכַם); cf. NRSV “the dew that goes away early.” The Hiphil participle מַשְׁכִּים (mashkim) means “to depart early” (Gen 19:27; Josh 8:14; Judg 19:9). The idiom means “early morning” (1 Sam 17:16).

¹ tn The verb וַיַּשְׁכִּמוּ (vayyashkimu) is often found in a verbal hendiadys construction: “They rose early…and they went up” means “they went up early.”

² tn Heb “rising early in the morning” (so KJV, ASV). The infinitive explains the verb “bless,” giving the circumstances of its action. The individual rises early to give his blessing.

¹ tc One early ms (B) and an early version (sa) read “about seventy-six.” For discussion of how this variant probably arose, see F. F. Bruce, The Acts of the Apostles, 465.

³ tc Smr and all early versions have the plural adjective “holy” rather than the MT singular noun “holiness.”

¹ tn Heb “And Joshua arose early in the morning and he and the Israelites left Shittim and came to the Jordan.”

¹ tn Heb “Joshua rose early in the morning and the priests picked up the ark of the Lord.”