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Text -- 1 Chronicles 5:13-26 (NET)

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Context
5:13 Their relatives, listed according to their families, included Michael, Meshullam, Sheba, Jorai, Jacan, Zia, and Eber– seven in all. 5:14 These were the sons of Abihail son of Huri, son of Jaroah, son of Gilead, son of Michael, son of Jeshishai, son of Jahdo, son of Buz. 5:15 Ahi son of Abdiel, son of Guni, was the leader of the family. 5:16 They lived in Gilead, in Bashan and its surrounding settlements, and in the pasturelands of Sharon to their very borders. 5:17 All of them were listed in the genealogical records in the time of King Jotham of Judah and in the time of King Jeroboam of Israel. 5:18 The Reubenites, Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh had 44,760 men in their combined armies, warriors who carried shields and swords, were equipped with bows, and were trained for war. 5:19 They attacked the Hagrites, Jetur, Naphish, and Nodab. 5:20 They received divine help in fighting them, and the Hagrites and all their allies were handed over to them. They cried out to God during the battle; he responded to their prayers because they trusted in him. 5:21 They seized the Hagrites’ animals, including 50,000 camels, 250,000 sheep, and 2,000 donkeys. They also took captive 100,000 people. 5:22 Because God fought for them, they killed many of the enemy. They dispossessed the Hagrites and lived in their land until the exile.
The Half-Tribe of Manasseh
5:23 The half-tribe of Manasseh settled in the land from Bashan as far as Baal Hermon, Senir, and Mount Hermon. They grew in number. 5:24 These were the leaders of their families: Epher, Ishi, Eliel, Azriel, Jeremiah, Hodaviah, and Jahdiel. They were skilled warriors, warriors, men of reputation, and leaders of their families. 5:25 But they were unfaithful to the God of their ancestors and worshiped instead the gods of the native peoples whom God had destroyed before them. 5:26 So the God of Israel stirred up King Pul of Assyria (that is, King Tiglath-pileser of Assyria), and he carried away the Reubenites, Gadites, and half-tribe of Manasseh and took them to Halah, Habor, Hara, and the river of Gozan, where they remain to this very day.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Abdiel the son of Guni of the tribe of Gad
 · Abihail a Levite in Moses' time,wife of Abishur of the tribe of Judah;,the son of Huri of the tribe of Gad,a woman; King David's niece and Rehoboam's wife,the father of Queen Esther and Uncle of Mordecai, a Benjamite
 · Ahi son of Abdiel; a chief of Gad in the time of King Jotham,son of Shomer of the tribe of Asher (according to NIV)
 · Assyria a member of the nation of Assyria
 · Azriel a head of one of the clans of East Manasseh,father of Jeremoth, David's chief officer over Naphtali,the father of Seraiah, one of King Jehoiakim's officials
 · Baal a pagan god,a title of a pagan god,a town in the Negeb on the border of Simeon and Judah,son of Reaiah son of Micah; a descendant of Reuben,the forth son of Jeiel, the Benjamite
 · Bashan a region east of Lake Galilee between Mt. Hermon and Wadi Yarmuk
 · Buz son of Milcah and Nahor the brother of Abraham,a man of the tribe of Gad,a people possibly descended from Buz of Nahor
 · Eber a son of Shelah; the father of Peleg; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Shelah (Arpachshad Aram Shem Noah),a nation: poetic description of Israel,son of Abihail; a founding father of one of the clans of Gad,son of Elpaal of Benjamin,son of Shashak of Benjamin,a priest and head of the clan of Amok under High Priest Joiakim
 · Eliel son of Toah/Nahath/Tohu of Levi; Samuel's great grandfather,head of a large clan in eastern Manasseh in the time of Jotham,son of Shime-i of Benjamin,son of Shashak of Benjamin,a Mahavite man; one of David's military elite,a Mezobaite man; one of David's military elite,an officer from Gad who defected to David in the wilderness,chief of the Levite clan of Hebron under King David,an officer over the temple store house under King Hezekiah
 · Epher son of Midian son of Abraham and Keturah,son of Ezrah a descendant of Judah,head of a clan in eastern Manasseh in the time of Jotham
 · Gadites the tribe of Gad as a whole
 · Gilead a mountainous region east of the Jordan & north of the Arnon to Hermon,son of Machir son of Manasseh; founder of the clan of Gilead,father of Jephthah the judge,son of Michael of the tribe of Gad
 · Gozan a town on the Habor River 100 km ESE of Haran
 · Guni son of Naphtali of Israel,a man of the tribe of Gad
 · Habor a river that flows south past Gozan to the Euphrates River
 · Hagrite a member of the clan of Haggi (probably descendants of Hagar)
 · Halah a town in upper Mesopotamia
 · Hara a town in upper Mesopotamia
 · Hermon a mountain half way between Damascus and Tyre
 · Hodaviah ancestor of the Jeshua and Kadmiel clans of Levi
 · Huri son of Jaroah of the tribe of Gad
 · Ishi son of Appaim of Judah,a man of Judah,head of a big clan in eastern Manasseh in the time of Jotham
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Jacan son of Abihail; a founding father of one of the clans of Gad
 · Jahdiel head of a big clan in eastern Manasseh in the time of Jotham
 · Jahdo son of Buz of the tribe of Gad
 · Jaroah son of Gilead of the tribe of Gad
 · Jeremiah a prophet of Judah in 627 B.C., who wrote the book of Jeremiah,a man of Libnah; father of Hamutal, mother of Jehoahaz, king of Judah,head of an important clan in eastern Manasseh in the time of Jotham,a Benjamite man who defected to David at Ziklag,the fifth of Saul's Gadite officers who defected to David in the wilderness,the tenth of Saul's Gadite officers who defected to David in the wilderness,a man from Anathoth of Benjamin; son of Hilkiah the priest; a major prophet in the time of the exile,an influential priest who returned from exile with Zerubbabel, who later signed the covenant to obey the law, and who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,one of Saul's Gadite officers who defected to David in the wilderness
 · Jeroboam son of Nebat; first king of Israel after it split away from Judah; Jeroboam I,son and successor of Joash/Jehoash, King of Israel; Jeroboam II
 · Jeshishai son of Jahdo of the tribe of Gad
 · more...


Dictionary Themes and Topics: SHAPHAM | Reuben, Tribe of | Polygamy | PALESTINE, 3 | Music | Moabite | MANASSEH (2) | MANASSEH | Jacob | Israel | Hagarene | HAGRITES | HAGARENES, HAGARITES | Genealogy | GENEALOGY, 8 part 2 | GENEALOGY, 8 part 1 | Exile | Caesara Philippi | Buckler | Bow | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
Wesley , JFB , Clarke , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Haydock , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes , Geneva Bible

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Keil-Delitzsch , Constable , Guzik

Other
Critics Ask

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Wesley: 1Ch 5:14 - -- These seven last named.

These seven last named.

Wesley: 1Ch 5:20 - -- By God, 1Ch 5:22, who gave them extraordinary courage and success.

By God, 1Ch 5:22, who gave them extraordinary courage and success.

Wesley: 1Ch 5:22 - -- Undertaken in his fear, and carried on in a dependence on him. Then we may expect to prosper in any enterprize, and then only, when we take God along ...

Undertaken in his fear, and carried on in a dependence on him. Then we may expect to prosper in any enterprize, and then only, when we take God along with us.

JFB: 1Ch 5:11-15 - -- The genealogy of the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh (1Ch 5:24) is given along with that of the Reubenites, as these three were associated in a...

The genealogy of the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh (1Ch 5:24) is given along with that of the Reubenites, as these three were associated in a separate colony.

JFB: 1Ch 5:16 - -- The term "Sharon" was applied as descriptive of any place of extraordinary beauty and productiveness. There were three places in Palestine so called. ...

The term "Sharon" was applied as descriptive of any place of extraordinary beauty and productiveness. There were three places in Palestine so called. This Sharon lay east of the Jordan.

JFB: 1Ch 5:16 - -- That is, of Gilead and Bashan: Gilead proper, or at least the largest part, belonged to the Reubenites; and Bashan, the greatest portion of it, belong...

That is, of Gilead and Bashan: Gilead proper, or at least the largest part, belonged to the Reubenites; and Bashan, the greatest portion of it, belonged to the Manassites. The Gadites occupied an intermediate settlement on the land which lay upon their borders.

JFB: 1Ch 5:17 - -- His long reign and freedom from foreign wars as well as intestine troubles were favorable for taking a census of the people.

His long reign and freedom from foreign wars as well as intestine troubles were favorable for taking a census of the people.

JFB: 1Ch 5:17 - -- The second of that name.

The second of that name.

JFB: 1Ch 5:18-22 - -- Or, "Hagarenes," originally synonymous with "Ishmaelites," but afterwards applied to a particular tribe of the Arabs (compare Psa 83:6).

Or, "Hagarenes," originally synonymous with "Ishmaelites," but afterwards applied to a particular tribe of the Arabs (compare Psa 83:6).

JFB: 1Ch 5:18-22 - -- His descendants were called Itureans, and the country Auranitis, from Hauran, its chief city. These, who were skilled in archery, were invaded in the ...

His descendants were called Itureans, and the country Auranitis, from Hauran, its chief city. These, who were skilled in archery, were invaded in the time of Joshua by a confederate army of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and half Manasseh, who, probably incensed by the frequent raids of those marauding neighbors, took reprisals in men and cattle, dispossessed almost all of the original inhabitants, and colonized the district themselves. Divine Providence favoured, in a remarkable manner, the Hebrew army in this just war.

JFB: 1Ch 5:26 - -- The Phalluka of the Ninevite monuments (see on 2Ki 15:19).

The Phalluka of the Ninevite monuments (see on 2Ki 15:19).

JFB: 1Ch 5:26 - -- The son of the former. By them the trans-jordanic tribes, including the other half of Manasseh, settled in Galilee, were removed to Upper Media. This ...

The son of the former. By them the trans-jordanic tribes, including the other half of Manasseh, settled in Galilee, were removed to Upper Media. This was the first captivity (2Ki 15:29).

Clarke: 1Ch 5:13 - -- And their brethren - This verse is wanting both in the Syriac and in the Arabic.

And their brethren - This verse is wanting both in the Syriac and in the Arabic.

Clarke: 1Ch 5:16 - -- The suburbs of Sharon - There were three places of this name: that mentioned here was a district in the country of Bashan beyond Jordan, (see Jos 12...

The suburbs of Sharon - There were three places of this name: that mentioned here was a district in the country of Bashan beyond Jordan, (see Jos 12:18); there was another that lay between Caesarea of Palestine and Joppa; and there was a third between Mount Tabor and the Sea of Tiberias. See Calmet.

Clarke: 1Ch 5:19 - -- They made war with the Hagarites - This is probably the same war that is mentioned 1Ch 5:10. Those called Hagarites in the text are everywhere denom...

They made war with the Hagarites - This is probably the same war that is mentioned 1Ch 5:10. Those called Hagarites in the text are everywhere denominated by the Targum הונגראיי Hongaraai , Hongarites.

Clarke: 1Ch 5:20 - -- They put their trust in him - Or, as the Targum says, "Because they trusted במימריה bemeymriah , in his Word."

They put their trust in him - Or, as the Targum says, "Because they trusted במימריה bemeymriah , in his Word."

Clarke: 1Ch 5:21 - -- They took away their cattle - This was a war of extermination as to the political state of the people, which nothing could justify but an especial d...

They took away their cattle - This was a war of extermination as to the political state of the people, which nothing could justify but an especial direction of God; and this he could never give against any, unless the cup of their iniquity had been full. The Hagarites were full of idolatry: see 1Ch 5:25.

Clarke: 1Ch 5:22 - -- For there fell down many slain - The hundred thousand men mentioned above were probably made slaves, and were not slain. The Targum says, one hundre...

For there fell down many slain - The hundred thousand men mentioned above were probably made slaves, and were not slain. The Targum says, one hundred thousand souls of men

Clarke: 1Ch 5:22 - -- The war was of God - The Targum says, the war was מן מימרא דיי min meymera dayai , "from the Word of the Lord."

The war was of God - The Targum says, the war was מן מימרא דיי min meymera dayai , "from the Word of the Lord."

Clarke: 1Ch 5:25 - -- The gods of the people of the land - We see the reason why God delivered the Hagarites into the hands of these tribes; they were abominable idolater...

The gods of the people of the land - We see the reason why God delivered the Hagarites into the hands of these tribes; they were abominable idolaters, and therefore God destroyed them.

Clarke: 1Ch 5:26 - -- Tilgath-pilneser - Many MSS. have תגלת Tiglath instead of תלגת Tilgath . The Syriac, the Septuagint, and the Chaldee, have the same rea...

Tilgath-pilneser - Many MSS. have תגלת Tiglath instead of תלגת Tilgath . The Syriac, the Septuagint, and the Chaldee, have the same reading as in 2Ki 15:29, etc

Clarke: 1Ch 5:26 - -- Brought them unto Halah - See the notes on 2Ki 17:6 (note), and 2Ki 18:11 (note), for many particulars of these wars, and consequent captivity. It i...

Brought them unto Halah - See the notes on 2Ki 17:6 (note), and 2Ki 18:11 (note), for many particulars of these wars, and consequent captivity. It is a pity that some method were not found out to harmonize the books of Kings with the books of Chronicles, that the variations might be seen at one view.

TSK: 1Ch 5:13 - -- This verse is wanting both in the Syriac and Arabic. Michael : Dan 12:1 Meshullam : 1Ch 9:12 Sheba : 1Ki 10:1 Jorai : i.e. rainy, [Strong’ s H314...

This verse is wanting both in the Syriac and Arabic.

Michael : Dan 12:1

Meshullam : 1Ch 9:12

Sheba : 1Ki 10:1

Jorai : i.e. rainy, [Strong’ s H3140]

Jachan : i.e. afflicted, [Strong’ s H3275]

Zia : i.e. trembling; smelling, [Strong’ s H2127], Heber. Gen 46:17

TSK: 1Ch 5:14 - -- Abihail : Num 3:35 Huri : i.e. nobleman, [Strong’ s H2359] Jaroah : i.e. making a sweet odor, [Strong’ s H3386]. Gilead. Gen 31:23 Michael ...

Abihail : Num 3:35

Huri : i.e. nobleman, [Strong’ s H2359]

Jaroah : i.e. making a sweet odor, [Strong’ s H3386]. Gilead. Gen 31:23

Michael : Dan 12:1

Jeshishai : i.e. aged, [Strong’ s H3454]

Jahdo : i.e. together, [Strong’ s H3163]

Buz : Gen 22:21

TSK: 1Ch 5:15 - -- Ahi : i.e. brotherly, [Strong’ s H277], 1Ch 5:15, 1Ch 7:34 Personal CharacteristicsReferences 1.Son of Abdiel1Ch 5:15 2.Son of Shamer1Ch 7:34...

Ahi : i.e. brotherly, [Strong’ s H277], 1Ch 5:15, 1Ch 7:34

Personal CharacteristicsReferences
1.Son of Abdiel1Ch 5:15
2.Son of Shamer1Ch 7:34
Abdiel : i.e. servant of God, [Strong’ s H5661], Guni. Gen 46:24

TSK: 1Ch 5:16 - -- Gilead : Gen 31:23 Bashan : 1Ch 5:11 Sharon : 1Ch 27:29; Son 2:1; Isa 35:2 their borders : Heb. goings forth

Gilead : Gen 31:23

Bashan : 1Ch 5:11

Sharon : 1Ch 27:29; Son 2:1; Isa 35:2

their borders : Heb. goings forth

TSK: 1Ch 5:17 - -- reckoned by genealogies : 1Ch 5:7 Jotham : Jdg 9:5; 2Ki 15:5, 2Ki 15:32; 2Ch 27:1 Jeroboam : 1Ki 11:26; 2Ki 14:16, 2Ki 14:23, 2Ki 14:28

reckoned by genealogies : 1Ch 5:7

Jotham : Jdg 9:5; 2Ki 15:5, 2Ki 15:32; 2Ch 27:1

Jeroboam : 1Ki 11:26; 2Ki 14:16, 2Ki 14:23, 2Ki 14:28

TSK: 1Ch 5:18 - -- Reuben : 1Ch 12:37; Gen 29:32; 2Ki 10:33 Gadites : Deu 3:12 Manasseh : Gen 41:51 valiant men : Heb. sons of valour, 1Sa 18:17 *marg. 2Sa 2:7 *marg. to...

Reuben : 1Ch 12:37; Gen 29:32; 2Ki 10:33

Gadites : Deu 3:12

Manasseh : Gen 41:51

valiant men : Heb. sons of valour, 1Sa 18:17 *marg. 2Sa 2:7 *marg.

to shoot : 1Ch 8:40; 2Ch 14:8; Psa 7:13

four and forty : Jos 4:12, Jos 4:13

that went : Num 1:3

TSK: 1Ch 5:19 - -- made war : 1Ch 5:10 the Hagarites : The Hagarites, and these other tribes, were descendants of Hagar, and dwelt, according to Strabo, in Arabia Desert...

made war : 1Ch 5:10

the Hagarites : The Hagarites, and these other tribes, were descendants of Hagar, and dwelt, according to Strabo, in Arabia Deserta.

Nephish : 1Ch 1:31; Gen 25:15 * Naphish:

TSK: 1Ch 5:20 - -- And they : 1Ch 5:22; Exo 17:11; Jos 10:14, Jos 10:42; 1Sa 7:12, 1Sa 19:15; Psa 46:1, Psa 146:5, Psa 146:6 for they cried : 1Ki 8:44, 1Ki 8:45; 2Ch 13:...

TSK: 1Ch 5:21 - -- took away : Heb. led captive camels : The camel, in Hebrew gamal , retained with little variation in all languages, is, according to the Linnean sys...

took away : Heb. led captive

camels : The camel, in Hebrew gamal , retained with little variation in all languages, is, according to the Linnean system, a genus of quadrapeds of the order pecora ; comprehending the camel, properly so called, with two prominences; the dromedary, with a single one; the lama, or Peruvian camel, with the back even and the breast gibbose, and the pacos, or camel without any gibbosity. The camel, properly so called, is about 6+ feet in heightcaps1 . icaps0 ts head is small; ears short; neck long, slender, and bending; legs long and slender, having four callosities on the fore legs and two on the hinder, on which it rests; feet soft, parted, but not thoroughly divided; bottom of the foot tough and pliant; tail about two feet in length, terminating in a tuft; and hair fine, soft, of considerable length, and of a dusky reddish colour. Besides the same internal structure as other ruminating animals, it is furnished with an additional bag for containing a quantity of water till wanted.

men : Heb. souls of men, Num 31:35; Eze 27:13; Rev 18:13, souls, Heb. nephesh, Gen 12:5

TSK: 1Ch 5:22 - -- the war was of God : Exo 14:14; Jos 23:10; Jdg 3:2; 2Ch 32:8; Neh 4:20; Psa 24:8; Pro 22:3; Zec 14:3; Luk 14:31, Luk 14:32, Luk 22:36; Rom 8:31 they d...

TSK: 1Ch 5:23 - -- Baalhermon : Jos 13:29-31 Hermon : Jos 13:11; Psa 133:3; Son 4:8

Baalhermon : Jos 13:29-31

Hermon : Jos 13:11; Psa 133:3; Son 4:8

TSK: 1Ch 5:24 - -- famous men : Heb. men of names, 1Ch 4:38

famous men : Heb. men of names, 1Ch 4:38

TSK: 1Ch 5:25 - -- and went : Jdg 2:17, Jdg 8:33; 2Ki 17:7-18; Hos 1:2, Hos 9:1; Rev 17:5 a whoring : Exo 34:15; Jdg 8:27; 2Ki 17:7; 2Ch 21:11, 2Ch 21:13 after the gods ...

TSK: 1Ch 5:26 - -- stirred up : 2Sa 24:1; 2Ch 33:11; Ezr 1:5; Isa 10:5, Isa 10:6, Isa 13:2-5 Pul : 2Ki 15:19, Tiglath pileser and brought them : 2Ki 17:6, 2Ki 18:11, 2Ki...

stirred up : 2Sa 24:1; 2Ch 33:11; Ezr 1:5; Isa 10:5, Isa 10:6, Isa 13:2-5

Pul : 2Ki 15:19, Tiglath pileser

and brought them : 2Ki 17:6, 2Ki 18:11, 2Ki 19:12; Isa 37:12

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: 1Ch 5:17 - -- The writer refers here to two registrations, one made under the authority of Jeroboam II when he was king and Israel flourishing, the other made und...

The writer refers here to two registrations, one made under the authority of Jeroboam II when he was king and Israel flourishing, the other made under the authority of Jotham, king of Judah, during the troublous time which followed on the great invasion of Tiglath-pileser. There is nothing surprising in a king of Judah having exercised a species of lordship over the trans-Jordanic territory at this period.

Barnes: 1Ch 5:19 - -- Jetur no doubt gave his name to the important tribe of the Ituraeans who inhabited the region southwest of the Damascene plain, between Gaulonitis (...

Jetur no doubt gave his name to the important tribe of the Ituraeans who inhabited the region southwest of the Damascene plain, between Gaulonitis (Jaulan) and the Ledjah. This tribe was noted for its thievish habits, and was regarded as savage and warlike.

Barnes: 1Ch 5:23 - -- "Baal-Hermon,""Senir"Deu 3:9, and "Mount Hermon,"are here not so much three names of the one great snow-clad eminence in which the Anti-Lebanon term...

"Baal-Hermon,""Senir"Deu 3:9, and "Mount Hermon,"are here not so much three names of the one great snow-clad eminence in which the Anti-Lebanon terminates toward the south, as three parts of the mountain - perhaps the "three summits"in which it terminates.

Barnes: 1Ch 5:26 - -- "Habor"here seems to be a city or a district, and not a river, as in marginal reference There is some reason to believe that districts among the Ass...

"Habor"here seems to be a city or a district, and not a river, as in marginal reference There is some reason to believe that districts among the Assyrians were occasionally named from streams.

Hara is probably the same as "Haran"Gen 11:31; 2Ki 19:12; Eze 27:23, being a softening down of the rugged original "Kharan."

Poole: 1Ch 5:14 - -- These are the children these seven last named.

These are the children these seven last named.

Poole: 1Ch 5:15 - -- This Ahi was the head or chief of the houses or families, either, 1. Of those seven named 1Ch 5:13 ; or, 2. Of Abdiel and Guni last named, and o...

This Ahi was the head or chief of the houses or families, either,

1. Of those seven named 1Ch 5:13 ; or,

2. Of Abdiel and Guni last named, and of their fifties.

Poole: 1Ch 5:16 - -- They dwelt i.e. the children or tribe of Gad. In Gilead i.e. in part of Gilead; for the Reubenites and Manassites dwelt in other parts of it, Deu 3...

They dwelt i.e. the children or tribe of Gad.

In Gilead i.e. in part of Gilead; for the Reubenites and Manassites dwelt in other parts of it, Deu 3:12,13,16 .

In Bashan in the land of Bashan, as it is said, 1Ch 5:11 .

Quest. How come the Gadites to dwell in Bashan, when all Bashan is expressly said to be given to the half tribe of Manasseh, Deu 3:13 Jos 13:29,30 ?

Answ All Bashan is put for the greatest part of it by a synecdoche, very frequent in Scripture and all authors; and so the Gadites might possess a part of it. And thus both Bashan and Gilead are used for parts of them, Jos 17:1 , where it is said of Machir a Manassite, that he had Gilead and Bashan . And as it is unquestionably true that Gilead is taken sometimes more largely for all the land of the Israelites beyond Jordan, sometimes more strictly for that part of it which borders upon Mount Gilead; of which See Poole "Jos 17:1" ; the like may be presumed concerning Bashan; and so in its strictest sense it might be all given to the Manassites, and yet in its largest sense might comprehend a part of the land belonging to the Gadites.

In her towns i.e. in some of her cities and towns.

In all the suburbs i.e. in its fields and pasture grounds, 1Ch 27:29 . Of Sharon ; not that within Jordan, Isa 35:2 , but another without Jordan.

Upon their borders to wit, of Gilead and Bashan; for Gilead properly so called, or the greatest part of it, belonged to the Reubenites; and Bashan, or the greatest part of it, to the Manassites; and so the Gadites (whose habitation was between the Reubenites and Manassites) had those parts of both their countries which were towards their borders. Or,

unto their borders i.e. as far as the suburbs or fields of Sharon, which were last mentioned, were extended.

Poole: 1Ch 5:17 - -- In the days of Jotham king of Judah who reigning long, partly in his father’ s days, and partly by himself, 2Ki 15 , and being at leisure as to ...

In the days of Jotham king of Judah who reigning long, partly in his father’ s days, and partly by himself, 2Ki 15 , and being at leisure as to wars or troubles, thought this a fit season to examine the state of his people.

In the days of Jeroboam either the second of that name, of whom see 2Ki 13:13 . Or rather the first Jeroboam; partly because he is called simply Jeroboam, without any addition; which shows that he speaks of the most famous of the two; and partly because this work of taking an account of the people doth far better agree to the times of Jeroboam the First, when the kingdom of Israel was first erected and established, and broken off from that of Judah, when it was necessary for Jeroboam to know his own strength, and the numbers of his people, than to the times of Jeroboam the Second, when the kingdom of Israel was broken, and near to its ruin.

Poole: 1Ch 5:19 - -- i.e. With the posterity of Jetur, &c., who were Ishmeelites, as appears from Gen 25:15 .

i.e. With the posterity of Jetur, &c., who were Ishmeelites, as appears from Gen 25:15 .

Poole: 1Ch 5:20 - -- They were helped against them to wit, by God, 1Ch 5:22 , who gave them extraordinary courage and success. All that were with them their friends and...

They were helped against them to wit, by God, 1Ch 5:22 , who gave them extraordinary courage and success.

All that were with them their friends and allies in this war.

Poole: 1Ch 5:21 - -- Of their camels fifty thousand for camels were very numerous in Arabia, being used in war, and for burdens, &c., and being very patient of thirst, an...

Of their camels fifty thousand for camels were very numerous in Arabia, being used in war, and for burdens, &c., and being very patient of thirst, and therefore most fit for those hot and dry countries.

Of men an hundred thousand whom they took prisoners, and either used as slaves, or sold them for such.

Poole: 1Ch 5:22 - -- The war was of God God put them upon it, and mightily assisted them in it. They dwelt i.e. that party of these tribes which went out to this war, b...

The war was of God God put them upon it, and mightily assisted them in it.

They dwelt i.e. that party of these tribes which went out to this war, being 44,760 men; or part of them by the consent of the rest.

Until the captivity of which 2Ki 15:29 17:6 .

Poole: 1Ch 5:23 - -- Having discoursed of the Reubenites, 1Ch 5:3 , &c., and next of the Gadites, 1Ch 5:11 , &c., he now comes to the Manassites. In the land i.e. in t...

Having discoursed of the Reubenites, 1Ch 5:3 , &c., and next of the Gadites, 1Ch 5:11 , &c., he now comes to the Manassites.

In the land i.e. in their land, to wit, in the northern part of the land beyond Jordan.

Poole: 1Ch 5:26 - -- Stirred up the spirit he so governed his counsels and affections, that he should bring his forces against this people rather than others. Of Halah, H...

Stirred up the spirit he so governed his counsels and affections, that he should bring his forces against this people rather than others. Of Halah, Habor, &c., see 2Ki 17:6 18:11 .

Haydock: 1Ch 5:15 - -- And, &c. Hebrew also, "Achi, son of Abdiel." --- Chief, like the preceding, each in their respective families. (Calmet) --- They were relation...

And, &c. Hebrew also, "Achi, son of Abdiel." ---

Chief, like the preceding, each in their respective families. (Calmet) ---

They were relations (Haydock) of the same tribe. (Menochius)

Haydock: 1Ch 5:16 - -- Saron, in Basan; (Josue xii. 18.) different from those vallies near Joppe, (Calmet) and between Thabor and Tiberias. (Eusebius)

Saron, in Basan; (Josue xii. 18.) different from those vallies near Joppe, (Calmet) and between Thabor and Tiberias. (Eusebius)

Haydock: 1Ch 5:17 - -- Israel. Jeroboam II had been dead two years before Joathan was born: unless some of the numbers be incorrect; which seem very probable, 4 Kings xv. ...

Israel. Jeroboam II had been dead two years before Joathan was born: unless some of the numbers be incorrect; which seem very probable, 4 Kings xv. 5. Yet these registers might be made at different times, and one, perhaps, under Jeroboam I, as when any war seemed to threaten, the number of soldiers was to be known. (Calmet) ---

It does not appear why the king of Juda is mentioned, as the people were not under his dominion, unless (Haydock) he was contemporary with Jeroboam II, as some assert. (Menochius) ---

Yet the following expedition seems to have taken place while Israel was still faithful to God. (Haydock) By faith they overcame kingdoms, Hebrews xi. (Worthington)

Haydock: 1Ch 5:19 - -- But, &c. Hebrew, "and Jetur, &c., ( 20 ) and they were helped by God against them." (Haydock) --- Septuagint, "they prevailed over them, and the A...

But, &c. Hebrew, "and Jetur, &c., ( 20 ) and they were helped by God against them." (Haydock) ---

Septuagint, "they prevailed over them, and the Agarites," &c. The ancient, or higher Iturea, lay between Hermon and Manasses; but the lower, which Josephus includes under this name, took in the deserted possessions of that half tribe. (Calmet) ---

The former (Haydock) extended from Jordan by Libanus, to the mountains of Tyre. (Menochius) ---

And Naphis, sons of Ismael, Genesis xxv. 13. (Haydock)

Haydock: 1Ch 5:22 - -- Lord. Very dreadful, and in obedience to God's orders. --- Captivity, ver. 6. (Calmet)

Lord. Very dreadful, and in obedience to God's orders. ---

Captivity, ver. 6. (Calmet)

Haydock: 1Ch 5:23 - -- Basan, which belonged to Gad. (Haydock) --- In Josue (xvii. 5.) Basan and Galaad seem to be given to Manasses; but the former there denotes all the...

Basan, which belonged to Gad. (Haydock) ---

In Josue (xvii. 5.) Basan and Galaad seem to be given to Manasses; but the former there denotes all the level country, from the Jabok to the Jordan, as Galaad is put for the mountains on the East. (Calmet) ---

Great. It would take thirty hours to travel from the torrent Jabok to Baal Hermon. (Adrichomius) (Menochius)

Haydock: 1Ch 5:26 - -- Assur. These princes were scourges in the hand of God, to punish the guilty. (Haydock) --- The former forced Israel to pay tribute; the latter car...

Assur. These princes were scourges in the hand of God, to punish the guilty. (Haydock) ---

The former forced Israel to pay tribute; the latter carried many into captivity, 4 Kings xv. 19, 29., and xvi. 7. (Calmet) ---

Lahela, or Hala and Haber, cities watered by the river Gozan. ---

Ara; perhaps Rages, Tobias i. 16, &c. (Du Hamel)

Gill: 1Ch 5:13 - -- And their brethren of the house of their fathers,.... Who were also men of eminence and note in them: were, Michael, and Meshullam, and Shebai, and...

And their brethren of the house of their fathers,.... Who were also men of eminence and note in them:

were, Michael, and Meshullam, and Shebai, and Jorai, and Jachan, and Zia, and Heber, seven; so they are as here mentioned by name.

Gill: 1Ch 5:14 - -- These are the children of Abihail the son of Huri,.... That is, the seven before mentioned; they were the posterity of Abihail, whose pedigree is trac...

These are the children of Abihail the son of Huri,.... That is, the seven before mentioned; they were the posterity of Abihail, whose pedigree is traced from his father Huri to Buz, the intermediate progenitors being Jaroah, Gilead, Michael, Jeshishai, Jahdo.

Gill: 1Ch 5:15 - -- Ahi the son of Abdiel, the son of Guni, chief of the house of their fathers. Which Ahi was a principal man in the families the seven above men belonge...

Ahi the son of Abdiel, the son of Guni, chief of the house of their fathers. Which Ahi was a principal man in the families the seven above men belonged to; besides them, or those three, were everyone of them heads of families.

Gill: 1Ch 5:16 - -- And they dwelt in Gilead,.... In that part of it which belonged to the tribe of Gad: in Bashan, and in her towns; See Gill on 1Ch 5:11, and in a...

And they dwelt in Gilead,.... In that part of it which belonged to the tribe of Gad:

in Bashan, and in her towns; See Gill on 1Ch 5:11,

and in all the suburbs of Sharon, upon their borders; there were two Sharons, one to the west of the land of Israel near the Mediterranean sea, which is mentioned in Act 9:35 as near Lydda and Joppa; and the other to the east or northeast, beyond Jordan, which is here meant.

Gill: 1Ch 5:17 - -- All these were reckoned by genealogies,.... All before mentioned: in the days of Jotham king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam king of Israel; ...

All these were reckoned by genealogies,.... All before mentioned:

in the days of Jotham king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam king of Israel; not that those two kings reigned at the same time, and one and the same reckoning is meant; but, as Dr. Lightfoot y observes, there were two reckonings; his words are,"in the days of Jotham there was an account taken of the families of Reuben, Gad, and half Manasseh, 1Ch 5:17 and so had there been in the days of Jeroboam the second; then at their restoring by Jeroboam out of the hands of Hamath and Syria, and now at their arming against the Assyrian, under whom they fell in the time of Pekah, and are never again restored to Israel.''

Gill: 1Ch 5:18 - -- The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh,.... These all joined together, living together on the one side of Jordan: of v...

The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh,.... These all joined together, living together on the one side of Jordan:

of valiant men, men able to bear buckler and sword, and to shoot with bow, and skilful in war; strong able bodied men; and not only able to bear and carry arms, sword in one hand, and shield in another; but were men of valour and courage, and had military skill, and knew how to handle their arms to advantage:

were four and forty thousand seven hundred and threescore, that went out to the war: that used to go out when there was occasion, and did at this time.

Gill: 1Ch 5:19 - -- And they made war with the Hagarites,.... Before mentioned, 1Ch 5:19. with Jetur, and Nephish: with the posterity of these men, who were sons of Is...

And they made war with the Hagarites,.... Before mentioned, 1Ch 5:19.

with Jetur, and Nephish: with the posterity of these men, who were sons of Ishmael, Gen 25:15 and so was Nodab; perhaps the same with Kedemah, mentioned along with the other two there; so Hillerus z thinks.

Gill: 1Ch 5:20 - -- And they were helped against them,.... The Israelites were helped against the Ishmaelites, to fight with them, and overcome them; either by their bret...

And they were helped against them,.... The Israelites were helped against the Ishmaelites, to fight with them, and overcome them; either by their brethren of the house of Israel, as the Targum, those on this side Jordan; or rather by the Lord, to whom they cried, and who was entreated by them as follows:

and the Hagarites were delivered into their hand, and all that were with them; they and their confederates and auxiliaries, the Ituraeans, &c.

for they cried to God in the battle; which at first seems to have gone against them; and they prayed to God, as the Targum, while they were fighting, that he would appear for them, and give them victory:

and he was entreated of them; he received their prayer, as the same paraphrase; he heard them, and answered them:

because they put their trust in him; in his power and providence, and not in their own strength, courage, and military skill; the Targum is,"because they trusted in his word.''

Gill: 1Ch 5:21 - -- And they took away their cattle,.... Which they brought with them, and they found in their camp when they fled, or in their fields: of their camels...

And they took away their cattle,.... Which they brought with them, and they found in their camp when they fled, or in their fields:

of their camels fifty thousand; with which Arabia abounded, and were fit to travel with in those hot and desert countries, being strong to carry burdens, and able to bear much thirst. The Arabians, as Diodorus Siculus a reports, brought up camels, for almost all the uses of life; as for the sake of their milk and flesh to feed upon, as well as for carrying burdens in common; and which in time of war they loaded with provisions for the army, and fought upon, one of them carrying two archers with their backs to each other, the one to meet the enemy in front, the other to annoy those that pursued them; and so the Parthians made use of camels both to fight on, and to carry provisions for their soldiers b:

and of sheep two hundred and fifty thousand; which these Hagarites kept both for food and clothing, and some of them might be now taken with them to supply their army; the Spartans carried sheep with them in their expeditions, as sacrifices to their gods c; but it need not be supposed that these creatures, and those that follow, were in such large numbers with the Hagarites in the battle, but were afterwards found, partly in their camp, and partly in the places inhabited by them:

and of asses two thousand; used to ride on, and carry loads, and also to plough with; and in all these lay the wealth of men in those times and countries, see Job 1:1.

and of men one hundred thousand; so that they took captive above as many more as their army consisted of.

Gill: 1Ch 5:22 - -- For there fell down many slain,.... Many were killed in the battle, besides the great number of prisoners made, so that the army the Ishmaelites broug...

For there fell down many slain,.... Many were killed in the battle, besides the great number of prisoners made, so that the army the Ishmaelites brought into the field was very great:

because the war was of God; or from the Word of the Lord, as the Targum; he stirred up the Israelites to it, directed, assisted, and succeeded them, that vengeance might be taken on this wicked and idolatrous people:

and they dwelt in their stead until the captivity; the Targum adds, of Sennacherib king of Assyria; but this captivity of the tribes referred to was not by him, but by Tilgathpilneser king of Assyria, 1Ch 5:26 and they dwelt not in the country of the Arab-hagarites, or Ishmaelites in their stead there, but in Gilead, as in 1Ch 5:10 which belonged to the Gadites and Reubenites originally, but had been dispossessed of it, or however distressed in it by these Hagarites, which they now drove out, and dwelt in their stead; for as for the Scenite-arabs or Ishmaelites, they never were conquered and brought into subjection by any people, but always maintained their independency d; and lived upon the plunder of their neighbours, pitching their tents here and there for their convenience, which in these parts were at this time spoiled.

Gill: 1Ch 5:23 - -- And the children of the half tribe of Manasseh dwelt in the land,.... Not in the land of the Hagarites, but in the land of Gilead and Bashan beyond Jo...

And the children of the half tribe of Manasseh dwelt in the land,.... Not in the land of the Hagarites, but in the land of Gilead and Bashan beyond Jordan, given them by Moses. The writer, having reckoned the genealogies of some of the principal men of Reuben and Gad, proceeds to give a short account of some principal men in this half tribe:

they increased from Bashan; where they first settled, and extended their possessions:

unto Baalhermon and Senir, and unto Mount Hermon; mountains which lay to the north of the land of Canaan, and are what geographers call Antilibanus.

Gill: 1Ch 5:24 - -- And these were the heads of the house of their fathers,.... Some of the principal men of this half tribe: even Epher, and Ishi, and Eliel, and Azri...

And these were the heads of the house of their fathers,.... Some of the principal men of this half tribe:

even Epher, and Ishi, and Eliel, and Azriel, and Jeremiah, and Hodaviah, and Jahdiel; but of none of these we read elsewhere, excepting Hepher and Azriel, Num 26:31.

mighty men of valour, famous men, and heads of the house of their fathers; men that obtained a name for their strength, courage, and valour, and military exploits, and were the chiefs of the families in this half tribe, and by whom they were denominated; so from Hepher were the family of the Hepherites, and from Azriel the family of the Azrielites, as in the place before quoted.

Gill: 1Ch 5:25 - -- And they transgressed against the God their fathers,.... Against his law, will, word, and ordinances, not only the half tribe of Manasseh, hut the Reu...

And they transgressed against the God their fathers,.... Against his law, will, word, and ordinances, not only the half tribe of Manasseh, hut the Reubenites and Gadites also:

and went a whoring after the gods of the people of the land, whom God destroyed before them; that is, committed idolatry, which is spiritual fornication or whoredom; worshipped the idols either of the Amorites, who were destroyed by the Lord to make way for their first settlement; or of the Ishmaelites, whom they conquered, and whose land they dwelt in to the captivity.

Gill: 1Ch 5:26 - -- And the God of Israel,.... The Targum is,"the word of the God of Israel:" stirred up the spirit of Pul king of Assyria: in the times of Menahem kin...

And the God of Israel,.... The Targum is,"the word of the God of Israel:"

stirred up the spirit of Pul king of Assyria: in the times of Menahem king of Israel:

and the spirit of Tilgathpilneser; in the times of Pekah king of Israel, to invade the land, and make war in it:

and he carried them away: not the former, but the latter:

even the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh; these entirely together, with some other parts of the land, see 2Ki 15:29.

and brought them unto Halah, and Habor, and Hara, and to the river Gozan; to the very same places where afterwards Salmaneser carried the ten tribes, or what remained of them, see 2Ki 17:6.

unto this day; the times of Ezra, the writer of this book, after the tribe of Judah returned from the captivity of Babylon; but the ten tribes remained where they were carried, and have not returned even to this day.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:13 Heb “and their brothers by the house of their fathers.”

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:15 Heb “was the head of the house of their fathers.”

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:16 Heb “unto their extremities.”

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:18 Heb “the sons of Reuben and the Gadites and half of the tribe of Manasseh, from the sons of bravery, men carrying a shield and sword and treadin...

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:19 Heb “made war with.”

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:20 Heb “and they were helped against them and they were given over into their hand, the Hagrites and all who were with them, for to God they cried ...

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:21 Heb “their”; the referent (the Hagrites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:22 Heb “and they lived in place of them until the exile.” The referent of “them” (the Hagrites) has been specified in the transla...

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:24 Heb “men of names.”

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:25 Heb “the peoples of the land.”

NET Notes: 1Ch 5:26 Heb “and the spirit of Tilgath-pilneser king of Assyria.” “Pul” and “Tilgath-pilneser” were names of the same Assy...

Geneva Bible: 1Ch 5:16 And they dwelt in Gilead in ( f ) Bashan, and in her towns, and in all the suburbs of Sharon, upon their borders. ( f ) Both the whole country and on...

Geneva Bible: 1Ch 5:19 And they made war with the Hagarites, with ( g ) Jetur, and Nephish, and Nodab. ( g ) These twelve were the sons of Ishmael, (Gen 25:15).

Geneva Bible: 1Ch 5:20 And they were ( h ) helped against them, and the Hagarites were delivered into their hand, and all that [were] with them: for they cried to God in the...

Geneva Bible: 1Ch 5:22 For there fell down many slain, because the war [was] of God. And they dwelt in their steads until the ( i ) captivity. ( i ) Meaning, the captivity ...

Geneva Bible: 1Ch 5:23 And the children of the half tribe of Manasseh dwelt in the land: they increased from Bashan unto ( k ) Baalhermon and Senir, and unto mount Hermon. ...

Geneva Bible: 1Ch 5:26 And the God of Israel ( l ) stirred up the spirit of Pul king of Assyria, and the spirit of Tilgathpilneser king of Assyria, and he carried them away,...

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: 1Ch 5:1-26 - --1 Judah and Joseph preferred before Reuben, who forfeited his birthright.3 Ruben's descendants; some of whom vanquish the Hagarites.11 The chief men o...

MHCC: 1Ch 5:1-26 - --This chapter gives some account of the two tribes and a half seated on the east side of Jordan. They were made captives by the king of Assyria, becaus...

Matthew Henry: 1Ch 5:1-17 - -- We have here an extract out of the genealogies, I. Of the tribe of Reuben, where we have, 1. The reason why this tribe is thus postponed. It is conf...

Matthew Henry: 1Ch 5:18-26 - -- The heads of the half-tribe of Manasseh, that were seated on the other side Jordan, are named here, 1Ch 5:23, 1Ch 5:24. Their lot, at first, was Bas...

Keil-Delitzsch: 1Ch 5:11-17 - -- The families of the tribe of Gad, and their dwelling-places. - 1Ch 5:11. In connection with the preceding statement as to the dwelling-places of th...

Keil-Delitzsch: 1Ch 5:18-22 - -- War of the trans-Jordanic tribes of Israel with Arabic tribes. - As the half-tribe of Manasseh also took part in this war, we should have expected ...

Keil-Delitzsch: 1Ch 5:23-26 - -- The families of the half-tribe of Manasseh in Bashan, and the leading away of the East-Jordan Israelites into the Assyrian exile. - 1Ch 5:23. The h...

Constable: 1Ch 1:1--9:44 - --I. ISRAEL'S HISTORICAL ROOTS chs. 1--9 "The fact that the author of 1 and 2 Chronicles devoted nine chapters out...

Constable: 1Ch 4:1--7:40 - --B. The House of Israel chs. 4-7 The writer's next concern was to trace the line of people to whom and th...

Constable: 1Ch 5:1-26 - --3. The families of Transjordan ch. 5 Reuben, Gad, and half the tribe of Manasseh settled east of...

Guzik: 1Ch 5:1-26 - --1 Chronicles 4 through 8 - The Tribes of Israel and their Descendents B. The tribes of Israel settling east of the Jordan River. 1. (5:1-10) The des...

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Commentary -- Other

Critics Ask: 1Ch 5:22 1 CHRONICLES 5:22—How could the God of peace conduct war? PROBLEM: In 1 Chronicles 5:18-22 , the war of the sons of Reuben, the Gadites and the...

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Introduction / Outline

JFB: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) THE FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF CHRONICLES were also considered as one by the ancient Jews, who called them "words of days," that is, diaries or journal...

JFB: 1 Chronicles (Outline) ADAM'S LINE TO NOAH. (1Ch. 1:1-23) SHEM'S LINE TO ABRAHAM. (1Ch 1:24-28) SONS OF ISHMAEL. (1Ch 1:29-31) SONS OF KETURAH. (1Ch 1:32-33) POSTERITY OF A...

TSK: 1 Chronicles 5 (Chapter Introduction) Overview 1Ch 5:1, Judah and Joseph preferred before Reuben, who forfeited his birthright; 1Ch 5:3, Ruben’s descendants; some of whom vanquish th...

Poole: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) FIRST BOOK OF THE CHRONICLES THE ARGUMENT THESE Books of the CHRONICLES are not the same which are so called, 1Ki 14:19 , and elsewhere, (because...

Poole: 1 Chronicles 5 (Chapter Introduction) CHRONICLES CHAPTER 5 The line of Reuben unto the captivity: their war against the Hagarites, 1Ch 5:1-10 . The chief men and habitation of Gad, 1Ch 5...

MHCC: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) The books of Chronicles are, in a great measure, repetitions of what is in the books of Samuel and of the Kings, yet there are some excellent useful t...

MHCC: 1 Chronicles 5 (Chapter Introduction) Genealogies.

Matthew Henry: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The First Book of Chronicles In common things repetition is thought needless and nauseous; but, in sacr...

Matthew Henry: 1 Chronicles 5 (Chapter Introduction) This chapter gives us some account of the two tribes and a half that were seated on the other side Jordan. I. Of Reuben (1Ch 5:1-10). II. Of Gad ...

Constable: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) Introduction Title The earliest Hebrew title for the Books of Chronicles translates as...

Constable: 1 Chronicles (Outline) Outline I. Israel's historical roots chs. 1-9 A. The lineage of David chs. 1-3 ...

Constable: 1 Chronicles 1 Chronicles Bibliography Ackroyd, Peter R. I and II Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah. London: SCM Press, 1973. ...

Haydock: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) THE FIRST BOOK OF PARALIPOMENON. INTRODUCTION. These Books are called by the Greek Interpreters, Paralipomenon; ( Greek: Paraleipomenon, ) tha...

Gill: 1 Chronicles (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO 1 CHRONICLES This and the following book were reckoned by the Jews as one book, as appears by the Masoretic note at the end of the ...

Gill: 1 Chronicles 5 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO 1 CHRONICLES 5 This chapter relates the genealogy of the tribes that lived on the other side Jordan; of the Reubenites, 1Ch 5:1, of...

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