1Ki 4:1-9 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- 1 Kings 4:1-9 (NET)

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Context

Solomon’s Royal Court and Administrators

4:1 King Solomon ruled over all Israel. 4:2 These were his officials: Azariah son of Zadok was the priest. 4:3 Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, wrote down what happened. Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was in charge of the records. 4:4 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was commander of the army. Zadok and Abiathar were priests. 4:5 Azariah son of Nathan was supervisor of the district governors. Zabud son of Nathan was a priest and adviser to the king. 4:6 Ahishar was supervisor of the palace. Adoniram son of Abda was supervisor of the work crews. 4:7 Solomon had twelve district governors appointed throughout Israel who acquired supplies for the king and his palace. Each was responsible for one month in the year. 4:8 These were their names: Ben-Hur was in charge of the hill country of Ephraim. 4:9 Ben-Deker was in charge of Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth Shemesh, and Elon Beth Hanan.

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Cross Reference (TSK)

ITL

Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Abda father of Adoniram, Solomon's forced labor boss,a Levite living in Jerusalem in Nehemiah's day

· Abiathar a son of Ahimelech; a high priest and counselor of David,son of Ahimelech (Ahitub I Ithamar Aaron); counselor of David

· Adoniram a man who was in charge of David's forced labor,a man who was in charge of Rehoboam's forced labor

· Ahijah great grandson of Eli; brother of Ahimelech,son of Shisha; secretary of King Solomon,prophet from Shiloh in Jeroboam's time,a man of Issachar; father of Baasha who killed Jeroboam,son of Jerahmeel of Judah,son of Ehud son of Gera of Benjamin,a man from Beth-Pelet; one of David's military elite,a Levite guard of the Temple treasure under David

· Ahilud father of Jehoshaphat and Baana

· Ahishar a man who was in charge of King Solomon's palace

· Azariah son of Ahimaaz; grandson and successor of Zadok I,son of Nathan; a priest who was chief of Solomons officers,son and successor of king Amaziah of Judah,son of Ethan son of Zerah of Judah,son of Jehu son of Obed of Judah,son of Johanan; descendant of Meraioth I,son of Hilkiah before the exile; high priest Azariah III,a descendant of Hilkiah the priest,son of Zephaniah/Uriel (Korah Levi); forefather of Samuel,son of Oded; prophet under King Asa,second son of Jehoshaphat; brother of King Jehoram,fifth son of Jehoshaphat; brother of King Jehoram,son of Jeroham; a commander who helped enthrone Joash,son of Obed; a commander who helped enthrone Joash,the priest who confronted Uzziah for offering incense,a chief of Ephraim under Israel's King Pekah,father of Joel (Kohath Levi), who served under Hezekiah,son of Jehallelel (Merari Levi). He served under Hezekiah,chief priest, of Zadok's line, under Hezekiah,son of Maaseiah son of Ananiah; a repairer of Nehemiah's wall,a man who accompanied Zerubbabel back to the land of Judah,a scribe who helped Ezra explain the reading of the Law,a priest who signed the covenant to keep God's law,a prince of Judah who led praises to God on the new city wall,son of Hoshaiah; one of the leaders rebelling against Jeremiah,a man exiled from Judah and trained with Daniel in Babylon

· Ben-deker an officer of food supplies for King Solomon

· Ben-Deker an officer of food supplies for King Solomon

· Ben-Hur an officer of food supplies from Ephraim for King Solomon

· Ben-hur an officer of food supplies from Ephraim for King Solomon

· Benaiah son of Jehoiada; commander of King Solomon's army,son of Jehoiada of Pirathon in Ephraim; one of David's elite,head of a large influential family of Simeon in Hezekiah's time,a Levite worship leader in David's time,a priest in David's time,father of Jehoiada, one of king David's counselors,son of Jeiel; a priest under Jehoshaphat,a man who was a temple helper in the time of Hezekiah,a layman of the Parosh clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Pahath-Moab clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Bani clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Nebo clan who put away his heathen wife,the father of Pelatiah, a wicked counselor exposed by Ezekiel

· Beth-Shemesh a town marking the northern boarder of Judah (YC),a town of Issachar in lower Galilee by the boarder of Naphtali,a town of Naphtali in upper Galilee perhaps 25 km west of Hazor

· Beth-shemesh a town marking the northern boarder of Judah (YC),a town of Issachar in lower Galilee by the boarder of Naphtali,a town of Naphtali in upper Galilee perhaps 25 km west of Hazor

· Elihoreph son of Shisha; secretary for King Solomon

· Elon-Beth-Hanan a town or region possibly Aijalon 19 km WNW of Jerusalem

· Ephraim the tribe of Ephraim as a whole,the northern kingdom of Israel

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Jehoiada a chief priest; father of Benaiah, head of David's body guard,chief priest under Athaliah and Joash,a prince of the house of Aaron who defected to David with his men,a man who was a counselor of King David,a chief priest in the time of Jeremiah,son of Eliashib the high priest in Nehemiah's time

· Jehoshaphat the son and successor of king Asa of Judah; the father of Jehoram; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Ahilud; a recorder for King Solomon,an officer over collecting food supplies for King Solomon from Issachar; son of Paruah,son of Asa; King of Judah,son of Nimshi; father of King Jehu of Israel,a situation ("valley") of being judged (OS)

· Makaz a town in the second district of Solomon

· Nathan a son of David; the father of Mattatha; an ancestor of Jesus.,son of David and Bathsheba,brother of Joel in David's army; a prophet,father of Igal, one of David's military elite; a man from Zobah,father of Azariah and Zabud, priestly officials of King Solomon,son of Attai of Judah,brother of Joel, one of David's military elite,one of the leaders Ezra sent to Iddo to ask for recruits,a layman of the Binnui Clan who put away his heathen wife

· Shaalbim a town of Amorites 5 km NW of Aijalon & 7 km ENE of Gezer

· Shisha father of Elihoreph and Ahijah, secretaries for King Solomon

· Solomon the tenth son of David; the father of Rehoboam; an ancestor of Jesus; the third king of Israel.,son of David and Bath-Sheba; successor of King David

· Zabud father of Shammua, the Reubenite who spied in Canaan,son of Hammuel of the tribe of Simeon,a Levite of the clan of Merari,son of Asaph (Shimei Gershom Levi),a leader among the Bigvai Clan who returned from exile,son of Imri; one who helped rebuild the wall of Jerusalem,son of Henadad, a Levite who contracted to obey the law,son of Mattaniah; father of Hanan, assistant treasurer

· Zadok a son of Azor; the father of Akim; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Ahitub II; high priest Zadok I in David's time,father of Jerusha, who was the mother of King Jotham,the chief priest Zadok II; son of Meraioth II,a man who was one of David's military elite from Aaron's clan,son of Baana; one of those who helped rebuild the wall,son of Immer; one of those who helped rebuild the wall,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to keep God's law,a Levite who served as Nehemiah's scribe

Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:3 Heb “were scribes”; NASB, NIV, NRSV “secretaries”; TEV, NLT “court secretaries.”

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:4 Heb “was over.”

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:5 Heb “close associate of”; KJV, ASV, NASB “the king’s friend” (a title for an adviser, not just an acquaintance).

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:6 The work crews. This Hebrew word (מַס, mas) refers to a group of laborers conscripted for royal or public service.

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