1Ki 4:23-34 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- 1 Kings 4:23-34 (NET)

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Context

4:23 ten calves fattened in the stall, twenty calves from the pasture, and a hundred sheep, not to mention rams, gazelles, deer, and well-fed birds. 4:24 His royal court was so large because he ruled over all the kingdoms west of the Euphrates River from Tiphsah to Gaza; he was at peace with all his neighbors. 4:25 All the people of Judah and Israel had security; everyone from Dan to Beer Sheba enjoyed the produce of their vines and fig trees throughout Solomon’s lifetime. 4:26 Solomon had 4,000 stalls for his chariot horses and 12,000 horses. 4:27 The district governors acquired supplies for King Solomon and all who ate in his royal palace. Each was responsible for one month in the year; they made sure nothing was lacking. 4:28 Each one also brought to the assigned location his quota of barley and straw for the various horses. 4:29 God gave Solomon wisdom and very great discernment; the breadth of his understanding was as infinite as the sand on the seashore. 4:30 Solomon was wiser than all the men of the east and all the sages of Egypt. 4:31 He was wiser than any man, including Ethan the Ezrahite or Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol. He was famous in all the neighboring nations. 4:32 He composed 3,000 proverbs and 1,005 songs. 4:33 He produced manuals on botany, describing every kind of plant, from the cedars of Lebanon to the hyssop that grows on walls. He also produced manuals on biology, describing animals, birds, insects, and fish. 4:34 People from all nations came to hear Solomon’s display of wisdom; they came from all the kings of the earth who heard about his wisdom.

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Cross Reference (TSK)

ITL

Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Beer-Sheba a famous well, its town and district in southern Judah

· Beer-sheba a famous well, its town and district in southern Judah

· Calcol son of Zerah son of Judah

· Dan residents of the town of Dan; members of the tribe of Dan,the tribe of Dan as a whole; the descendants of Dan in Israel

· Darda a man known for his wisdom in the time of Solomon; son of Mahol

· Egypt descendants of Mizraim

· Ethan a wise man, an Ezrahite, in Solomons time,son of Zerah son of Judah; the father of Azariah,son of Zimmah, of Gershom of Levi; ancestor of Asaph; the father of Adaiah,son of Kishi (Merari Levi); a worship leader in David's time

· Euphrates a large river which joins the Tigris river before flowing into the Persian Gulf,a river flowing from eastern Turkey to the Persian Gulf

· Ezrahite a descendant of Ezrah

· Gaza a city A Philistine town 5 km east of the Mediterranean and 60 west of Hebron,a town on the western coast of the territory of Judah,a town and the region it controled

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Judah the son of Jacob and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,a tribe, the land/country,a son of Joseph; the father of Simeon; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Jacob/Israel and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,the tribe of Judah,citizens of the southern kingdom of Judah,citizens of the Persian Province of Judah; the Jews who had returned from Babylonian exile,"house of Judah", a phrase which highlights the political leadership of the tribe of Judah,"king of Judah", a phrase which relates to the southern kingdom of Judah,"kings of Judah", a phrase relating to the southern kingdom of Judah,"princes of Judah", a phrase relating to the kingdom of Judah,the territory allocated to the tribe of Judah, and also the extended territory of the southern kingdom of Judah,the Province of Judah under Persian rule,"hill country of Judah", the relatively cool and green central highlands of the territory of Judah,"the cities of Judah",the language of the Jews; Hebrew,head of a family of Levites who returned from Exile,a Levite who put away his heathen wife,a man who was second in command of Jerusalem; son of Hassenuah of Benjamin,a Levite in charge of the songs of thanksgiving in Nehemiah's time,a leader who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah of Asaph dedicate Nehemiah's wall

· Lebanon a mountain range and the adjoining regions (IBD)

· Mahol father of wise men Heman, Calcol, and Darda in Solomon's time

· Solomon the tenth son of David; the father of Rehoboam; an ancestor of Jesus; the third king of Israel.,son of David and Bath-Sheba; successor of King David

· Tiphsah a town on the Euphrates River 550 km NNW of Jerusalem

Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:23 The words “in the stall” are added for clarification; note the immediately following reference to cattle from the pasture.

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:24 Heb “for he was ruling over all [the region] beyond the River, from Tiphsah to Gaza, over all the kingdoms beyond the River, and he had peace on...

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:25 Heb “Judah and Israel lived securely, each one under his vine and under his fig tree, from Dan to Beer Sheba, all the days of Solomon.”

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:26 The Hebrew text has “40,000,” but this is probably an inflated number (nevertheless it is followed by KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV, TEV, CEV). Som...

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:27 Heb “everyone who drew near to the table of King Solomon.”

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:28 Heb “barley and straw for the horses and the steeds they brought to the place which was there, each according to his measure.”

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:29 Heb “heart,” i.e., mind. (The Hebrew term translated “heart” often refers to the mental faculties.)

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:30 Heb “the wisdom of Solomon was greater than the wisdom of all the sons of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt.”

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:31 Heb “his name was in all the surrounding nations.”

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:32 Heb “spoke.”

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:33 Heb “he spoke about.”

NET Notes: 1Ki 4:34 Heb “the wisdom of Solomon.”

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