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Text -- Jeremiah 25:18-38 (NET)

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25:18 I made Jerusalem and the cities of Judah, its kings and its officials drink it. I did it so Judah would become a ruin. I did it so Judah, its kings, and its officials would become an object of horror and of hissing scorn, an example used in curses. Such is already becoming the case! 25:19 I made all of these other people drink it: Pharaoh, king of Egypt; his attendants, his officials, his people, 25:20 the foreigners living in Egypt; all the kings of the land of Uz; all the kings of the land of the Philistines, the people of Ashkelon, Gaza, Ekron, the people who had been left alive from Ashdod; 25:21 all the people of Edom, Moab, Ammon; 25:22 all the kings of Tyre, all the kings of Sidon; all the kings of the coastlands along the sea; 25:23 the people of Dedan, Tema, Buz, all the desert people who cut their hair short at the temples; 25:24 all the kings of Arabia who live in the desert; 25:25 all the kings of Zimri; all the kings of Elam; all the kings of Media; 25:26 all the kings of the north, whether near or far from one another; and all the other kingdoms which are on the face of the earth. After all of them have drunk the wine of the Lord’s wrath, the king of Babylon must drink it. 25:27 Then the Lord said to me, “Tell them that the Lord God of Israel who rules over all says, ‘Drink this cup until you get drunk and vomit. Drink until you fall down and can’t get up. For I will send wars sweeping through you.’ 25:28 If they refuse to take the cup from your hand and drink it, tell them that the Lord who rules over all says ‘You most certainly must drink it! 25:29 For take note, I am already beginning to bring disaster on the city that I call my own. So how can you possibly avoid being punished? You will not go unpunished! For I am proclaiming war against all who live on the earth. I, the Lord who rules over all, affirm it!’ 25:30 “Then, Jeremiah, make the following prophecy against them: ‘Like a lion about to attack, the Lord will roar from the heights of heaven; from his holy dwelling on high he will roar loudly. He will roar mightily against his land. He will shout in triumph like those stomping juice from the grapes against all those who live on the earth. 25:31 The sounds of battle will resound to the ends of the earth. For the Lord will bring charges against the nations. He will pass judgment on all humankind and will hand the wicked over to be killed in war.’ The Lord so affirms it! 25:32 The Lord who rules over all says, ‘Disaster will soon come on one nation after another. A mighty storm of military destruction is rising up from the distant parts of the earth.’ 25:33 Those who have been killed by the Lord at that time will be scattered from one end of the earth to the other. They will not be mourned over, gathered up, or buried. Their dead bodies will lie scattered over the ground like manure. 25:34 Wail and cry out in anguish, you rulers! Roll in the dust, you who shepherd flocks of people! The time for you to be slaughtered has come. You will lie scattered and fallen like broken pieces of fine pottery. 25:35 The leaders will not be able to run away and hide. The shepherds of the flocks will not be able to escape. 25:36 Listen to the cries of anguish of the leaders. Listen to the wails of the shepherds of the flocks. They are wailing because the Lord is about to destroy their lands. 25:37 Their peaceful dwelling places will be laid waste by the fierce anger of the Lord. 25:38 The Lord is like a lion who has left his lair. So their lands will certainly be laid waste by the warfare of the oppressive nation and by the fierce anger of the Lord.”
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Ammon the tribe/nation of people descended from Ben-Ammi, Lot's son,Territory of the tribe/nation of Ammon
 · Arabia the entire region of the Arabian Peninsula, the Sinai Peninsula, the land of Edom, and all the land between the Jordan Valley and the Euphrates River (ZD).,a region of desert plains
 · Ashdod a town on the western coast of the territory of Judah
 · Ashkelon a town of the Philistines between Ashdod and Gaza (OS)
 · Babylon a country of Babylon in lower Mesopotamia
 · Buz son of Milcah and Nahor the brother of Abraham,a man of the tribe of Gad,a people possibly descended from Buz of Nahor
 · Dedan an island off the southwest coast of Asia Minor in the Mediterranean Sea,an island on the south coast of Turkey, 170 km NE of Crete
 · Edom resident(s) of the region of Edom
 · Egypt descendants of Mizraim
 · Ekron a town in the western foothills of Judah,residents of the town of Ekron
 · Elam son of Shem son of Noah,a country east of the Tigris and Babylon in the territory of Media,son of Shashak of Benjamin,son of Meshelemiah; a Levite gatekeeper,a man whose descendants returned from exile in Babylon; Elam I,forefather of exile returnees with Zerubbabel; Elam II,forefather of returnees headed by Jeshaiah,forefather of Shecaniah who had to put away his heathen wife,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to obey God's law,a priest who helped Nehemiah dedicate the new wall of Jerusalem
 · Gaza a city A Philistine town 5 km east of the Mediterranean and 60 west of Hebron,a town on the western coast of the territory of Judah,a town and the region it controled
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Jerusalem the capital city of Israel,a town; the capital of Israel near the southern border of Benjamin
 · Judah the son of Jacob and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,a tribe, the land/country,a son of Joseph; the father of Simeon; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Jacob/Israel and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,the tribe of Judah,citizens of the southern kingdom of Judah,citizens of the Persian Province of Judah; the Jews who had returned from Babylonian exile,"house of Judah", a phrase which highlights the political leadership of the tribe of Judah,"king of Judah", a phrase which relates to the southern kingdom of Judah,"kings of Judah", a phrase relating to the southern kingdom of Judah,"princes of Judah", a phrase relating to the kingdom of Judah,the territory allocated to the tribe of Judah, and also the extended territory of the southern kingdom of Judah,the Province of Judah under Persian rule,"hill country of Judah", the relatively cool and green central highlands of the territory of Judah,"the cities of Judah",the language of the Jews; Hebrew,head of a family of Levites who returned from Exile,a Levite who put away his heathen wife,a man who was second in command of Jerusalem; son of Hassenuah of Benjamin,a Levite in charge of the songs of thanksgiving in Nehemiah's time,a leader who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah of Asaph dedicate Nehemiah's wall
 · Media a country on the SW coast of the Caspian Sea
 · Moab resident(s) of the country of Moab
 · Pharaoh the king who ruled Egypt when Moses was born,the title of the king who ruled Egypt in Abraham's time,the title of the king who ruled Egypt in Joseph's time,the title of the king who ruled Egypt when Moses was born,the title of the king who refused to let Israel leave Egypt,the title of the king of Egypt whose daughter Solomon married,the title of the king who ruled Egypt in the time of Isaiah,the title Egypt's ruler just before Moses' time
 · Philistines a sea people coming from Crete in 1200BC to the coast of Canaan
 · sea the Dead Sea, at the southern end of the Jordan River,the Mediterranean Sea,the Persian Gulf south east of Babylon,the Red Sea
 · Sidon residents of the town of Sidon
 · Tema son of Ishmael son of Abraham and Hagar,a land (and its people)
 · Tyre a resident of the town of Tyre
 · Uz son of Aram; (grand)son of Shem son of Noah,son of Milcah and Nahor, brother of Abraham,son of Dishan of Seir,a region in Edom inhabited by the descendants of Uz of Seir
 · Zimri son of Salu (Simeon); a chief Phinehas slew for his rebellion,the man who assassinated and succeded Elah, King of Israel,son of Zerah son of Judah,son of Jehoaddah of Benjamin,a land and its people


Dictionary Themes and Topics: JEREMIAH (2) | Captivity | JEREMIAH, BOOK OF | Israel | Government | Nation | Cup | Sin | Sidon | PALESTINE, 3 | Tema | Ammonites | Sheshach | Edom | Ashkelon | Philistines | Tyre | Anger | Arabia | Drunkeess | more
Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Jer 25:18 Heb “as it is today.” This phrase would obviously be more appropriate after all these things had happened as is the case in 44:6, 23 where...

NET Notes: Jer 25:19 See further Jer 46:2-28 for the judgment against Egypt.

NET Notes: Jer 25:20 The Greek historian Herodotus reports that Ashdod had been destroyed under the Pharaoh who preceded Necho, Psammetichus.

NET Notes: Jer 25:21 See further Jer 49:1-6 for the judgment against Ammon.

NET Notes: Jer 25:22 The connection with Tyre and Sidon suggests that these were Phoenician colonies. See also Isa 23:2.

NET Notes: Jer 25:23 See Jer 9:26 where these are mentioned in connection with Moab, Edom, and Ammon.

NET Notes: Jer 25:24 See further Jer 49:28-33 for judgment against some of these Arabian peoples.

NET Notes: Jer 25:25 Elam and Media were east of Babylon; Elam in the south and Media in the north. They were in what is now western Iran.

NET Notes: Jer 25:26 Heb “the king of Sheshach.” “Sheshach” is a code name for Babylon formed on the principle of substituting the last letter of t...

NET Notes: Jer 25:27 Heb “because of the sword that I will send among you.” See the notes on 2:16 for explanation.

NET Notes: Jer 25:28 The translation attempts to reflect the emphatic construction of the infinitive absolute preceding the finite verb which is here an obligatory imperfe...

NET Notes: Jer 25:29 Heb “Oracle of Yahweh of armies.”

NET Notes: Jer 25:30 The metaphor shifts from God as a lion to God as a mighty warrior (Jer 20:11; Isa 42:13; Zeph 3:17) shouting in triumph over his foes. Within the meta...

NET Notes: Jer 25:31 Heb “Oracle of the Lord.”

NET Notes: Jer 25:32 For the use of this word in a literal sense see Jonah 1:4. For its use to refer to the wrath of the Lord which will rage over the wicked see Jer 23:19...

NET Notes: Jer 25:33 The intent here is to emphasize the large quantity of those who are killed – there will be too many to insure proper mourning rites and proper b...

NET Notes: Jer 25:34 The meaning of this line is debated. The Greek version does not have the words “lie scattered” and it reads the words “like broken p...

NET Notes: Jer 25:35 Judging from Gen 14:10 and Judg 8:12 (among many others), it was not uncommon for the leaders to try to save their own necks at the expense of their s...

NET Notes: Jer 25:36 Jer 25:36-38 shifts to the future as though the action were already accomplished or going on. It is the sound that Jeremiah hears in his “prophe...

NET Notes: Jer 25:37 Heb “because of the burning anger of the Lord.”

NET Notes: Jer 25:38 The connection between “war” (Heb “the sword”) and the wrath or anger of the Lord has already been made in vv. 16, 27 and the ...

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