Jos 11:1-21 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- Joshua 11:1-21 (NET)

Strongs On/Off

Context

Israel Defeats a Northern Coalition

11:1 When King Jabin of Hazor heard the news, he organized a coalition, including King Jobab of Madon, the king of Shimron, the king of Acshaph, 11:2 and the northern kings who ruled in the hill country, the Arabah south of Kinnereth, the lowlands, and the heights of Dor to the west. 11:3 Canaanites came from the east and west; Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites from the hill country; and Hivites from below Hermon in the area of Mizpah. 11:4 These kings came out with their armies; they were as numerous as the sand on the seashore and had a large number of horses and chariots. 11:5 All these kings gathered and joined forces at the Waters of Merom to fight Israel. 11:6 The Lord told Joshua, “Don’t be afraid of them, for about this time tomorrow I will cause all of them to lie dead before Israel. You must hamstring their horses and burn their chariots.” 11:7 Joshua and his whole army caught them by surprise at the Waters of Merom and attacked them. 11:8 The Lord handed them over to Israel and they struck them down and chased them all the way to Greater Sidon, Misrephoth Maim, and the Mizpah Valley to the east. They struck them down until no survivors remained. 11:9 Joshua did to them as the Lord had commanded him; he hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots. 11:10 At that time Joshua turned, captured Hazor, and struck down its king with the sword, for Hazor was at that time the leader of all these kingdoms. 11:11 They annihilated everyone who lived there with the sword– no one who breathed remained– and burned Hazor. 11:12 Joshua captured all these royal cities and all their kings and annihilated them with the sword, as Moses the Lord’s servant had commanded. 11:13 But Israel did not burn any of the cities located on mounds, except for Hazor; it was the only one Joshua burned. 11:14 The Israelites plundered all the goods of these cities and the cattle, but they totally destroyed all the people and allowed no one who breathed to live. 11:15 Moses the Lord’s servant passed on the Lord’s commands to Joshua, and Joshua did as he was told. He did not ignore any of the commands the Lord had given Moses.

A Summary of Israel’s Victories

11:16 Joshua conquered the whole land, including the hill country, all the Negev, all the land of Goshen, the lowlands, the Arabah, the hill country of Israel and its lowlands, 11:17 from Mount Halak on up to Seir, as far as Baal Gad in the Lebanon Valley below Mount Hermon. He captured all their kings and executed them. 11:18 Joshua campaigned against these kings for quite some time. 11:19 No city made peace with the Israelites (except the Hivites living in Gibeon); they had to conquer all of them, 11:20 for the Lord determined to make them obstinate so they would attack Israel. He wanted Israel to annihilate them without mercy, as he had instructed Moses. 11:21 At that time Joshua attacked and eliminated the Anakites from the hill country– from Hebron, Debir, Anab, and all the hill country of Judah and Israel. Joshua annihilated them and their cities.

Parallel

Cross Reference (TSK)

ITL

Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Achshaph a town of Canaanites in Asher (OS)

· Amorites members of a pre-Israel Semitic tribe from Mesopotamia

· Anab a town in the hill country of Judah, located at modern Khirbet Anab about fifteen miles southwest of Hebron.

· Anakim descendents of Anak; an ancient people who lived around Hebron

· Arabah a town of Judea west of Jerusalem on the border of Benjamin

· Baal a pagan god,a title of a pagan god,a town in the Negeb on the border of Simeon and Judah,son of Reaiah son of Micah; a descendant of Reuben,the forth son of Jeiel, the Benjamite

· Canaanite residents of the region of Canaan

· Chinneroth a lake in Galilee on the Jordan River,a region; the plain on the NW shoulder of Lake Chinneroth

· Debir the Amorite king of Eglon,a town of Judah 14 km SW of Hebron,a border town of Judah, about 16 km east of Jerusalem,a northern border town of Gad, about 80 km NE of Jerusalem

· Gibeon a town of Benjamin pioneered by Jeiel of Benjamin

· Goshen a region in Egypt,a region of Egypt in the eastern part of the Nile delta,a town in the hill country of Judah

· Halak a mountain 70 km south of Hebron & 20 km west of Tamar (SMM)

· Hazor a town 15 km north of Chinnereth, the NW shore of Galilee,a town of south-eastern Judah,a town of south-eastern Judah 20 km south of Hebron (OS),a town of Ephraim 25 km north of Jerusalem,a collective name for some semi-namadic Arabs as distinct from the bedoin of the desert (OS)

· Hebron a valley and town of Judah 25 km west of the dead sea,son of Kohath son of Levi,son of Mareshah of Judah

· Hermon a mountain half way between Damascus and Tyre

· Hittite a person/people living in the land of Syro-Palestine

· Hivite a person/people descended from Canaan son of Ham son of Noah

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Jabin king of Hazor in the time of Joshua,king of Canaan in Hazor in the time of Judge Deborah and Baruch

· Jebusite resident(s) of the town of Jebus (Jerusalem)

· Jobab son of Joktan of Shem,son of Zerah; second king of Edom,King of Madon; an enemy of Joshua,a man of Benjamin; son of Shaharaim and Hodesh,son of Elpaal of Benjamin

· Joshua a son of Eliezer; the father of Er; an ancestor of Jesus,the son of Nun and successor of Moses,son of Nun of Ephraim; successor to Moses,a man: owner of the field where the ark stopped,governor of Jerusalem under King Josiah,son of Jehozadak; high priest in the time of Zerubbabel

· Judah the son of Jacob and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,a tribe, the land/country,a son of Joseph; the father of Simeon; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Jacob/Israel and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,the tribe of Judah,citizens of the southern kingdom of Judah,citizens of the Persian Province of Judah; the Jews who had returned from Babylonian exile,"house of Judah", a phrase which highlights the political leadership of the tribe of Judah,"king of Judah", a phrase which relates to the southern kingdom of Judah,"kings of Judah", a phrase relating to the southern kingdom of Judah,"princes of Judah", a phrase relating to the kingdom of Judah,the territory allocated to the tribe of Judah, and also the extended territory of the southern kingdom of Judah,the Province of Judah under Persian rule,"hill country of Judah", the relatively cool and green central highlands of the territory of Judah,"the cities of Judah",the language of the Jews; Hebrew,head of a family of Levites who returned from Exile,a Levite who put away his heathen wife,a man who was second in command of Jerusalem; son of Hassenuah of Benjamin,a Levite in charge of the songs of thanksgiving in Nehemiah's time,a leader who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah of Asaph dedicate Nehemiah's wall

· Lebanon a mountain range and the adjoining regions (IBD)

· Madon a town of Canaanites in Naphtali

· Merom a spring or springs in the territory of Naphtali

· Misrephoth-maim a place: south border of Sidon, possibly rocky headland (IBD)

· Misrephoth-Maim a place: south border of Sidon, possibly rocky headland (IBD)

· Mizpah a town of Moab

· Moses a son of Amram; the Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them The Law of Moses,a Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them the law

· Naphoth-dor a region around the town of Dor

· more...

Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Jos 11:1 Heb “he sent to.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:2 Kinnereth was a city in Galilee located near the Sea of Galilee (Deut 3:17). The surrounding region also became known by this name (1 Kgs 15:20; cf. M...

NET Notes: Jos 11:3 Or “land.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:4 Heb “They and all their camps with them came out, a people as numerous as the sand which is on the edge of the sea in multitude, and [with] hors...

NET Notes: Jos 11:5 Heb “and came and camped together.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:6 Heb “burn with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation.

NET Notes: Jos 11:7 Heb “Joshua and all the people of war with him came upon them at the Waters of Merom suddenly and fell upon them.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:8 The meaning of the Hebrew name “Misrephoth Maim” is perhaps “lime-kilns by the water” (see HALOT 2:641).

NET Notes: Jos 11:9 Heb “burned with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation.

NET Notes: Jos 11:10 Or “formerly.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:11 Heb “burned with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation.

NET Notes: Jos 11:12 Heb “and he struck them down with the edge of the sword, he annihilated them.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:13 For location see Map1 D2; Map2 D3; Map3 A2; Map4 C1.

NET Notes: Jos 11:14 Heb “but all the people they struck down with the edge of the sword until they destroyed them.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:15 Heb “As the Lord commanded Moses his servant, so Moses commanded Joshua, and Joshua acted accordingly; he did not turn aside a thing from all wh...

NET Notes: Jos 11:16 Or “foothills”; Heb “the Shephelah.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:17 Heb “and struck them down and killed them.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:18 Heb “for many days.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:19 Heb “the whole they took in battle.”

NET Notes: Jos 11:20 Heb “for from the Lord it was to harden their heart[s] to meet for the battle with Israel, in order to annihilate them, so that they would recei...

NET Notes: Jos 11:21 Heb “and from all the hill country of Israel.”

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