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Text -- Lamentations 4:2-22 (NET)

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4:2 ב(Bet) The precious sons of Zion were worth their weight in gold– Alas!– but now they are treated like broken clay pots, made by a potter. 4:3 ג(Gimel) Even the jackals nurse their young at their breast, but my people are cruel, like ostriches in the desert. 4:4 ד(Dalet) The infant’s tongue sticks to the roof of its mouth due to thirst; little children beg for bread, but no one gives them even a morsel. 4:5 ה(He) Those who once feasted on delicacies are now starving to death in the streets. Those who grew up wearing expensive clothes are now dying amid garbage. 4:6 ו(Vav) The punishment of my people exceeded that of of Sodom, which was overthrown in a moment with no one to help her. 4:7 ז(Zayin) Her consecrated ones were brighter than snow, whiter than milk; their bodies more ruddy than corals, their hair like lapis lazuli. 4:8 ח(Khet) Now their appearance is darker than soot; they are not recognized in the streets. Their skin has shriveled on their bones; it is dried up, like tree bark. 4:9 ט(Tet) Those who died by the sword are better off than those who die of hunger, those who waste away, struck down from lack of food. 4:10 י(Yod) The hands of tenderhearted women cooked their own children, who became their food, when my people were destroyed. 4:11 כ(Kaf) The Lord fully vented his wrath; he poured out his fierce anger. He started a fire in Zion; it consumed her foundations. 4:12 ל(Lamed) Neither the kings of the earth nor the people of the lands ever thought that enemy or foe would enter the gates of Jerusalem. 4:13 מ(Mem) But it happened due to the sins of her prophets and the iniquities of her priests, who poured out in her midst the blood of the righteous. 4:14 נ(Nun) They wander blindly through the streets, defiled by the blood they shed, while no one dares to touch their garments. 4:15 ס(Samek) People cry to them, “Turn away! You are unclean! Turn away! Turn away! Don’t touch us!” So they have fled and wander about; but the nations say, “They may not stay here any longer.” 4:16 פ(Pe) The Lord himself has scattered them; he no longer watches over them. They did not honor the priests; they did not show favor to the elders.
The People of Jerusalem Lament:
4:17 ע (Ayin) Our eyes continually failed us as we looked in vain for help. From our watchtowers we watched for a nation that could not rescue 4:18 צ(Tsade) Our enemies hunted us down at every step so that we could not walk about in our streets. Our end drew near, our days were numbered, for our end had come! 4:19 ק(Qof) Those who pursued us were swifter than eagles in the sky. They chased us over the mountains; they ambushed us in the wilderness. 4:20 ר(Resh) Our very life breath– the Lord’s anointed king– was caught in their traps, of whom we thought, “Under his protection we will survive among the nations.”
The Prophet Speaks:
4:21 ש (Sin/Shin) Rejoice and be glad for now, O people of Edom, who reside in the land of Uz. But the cup of judgment will pass to you also; you will get drunk and take off your clothes. 4:22 ת(Tav) O people of Zion, your punishment will come to an end; he will not prolong your exile. But, O people of Edom, he will punish your sin and reveal your offenses!
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Edom resident(s) of the region of Edom
 · Jerusalem the capital city of Israel,a town; the capital of Israel near the southern border of Benjamin
 · Sodom an ancient town somewhere in the region of the Dead Sea that God destroyed with burning sulphur,a town 25 km south of Gomorrah and Masada
 · Uz son of Aram; (grand)son of Shem son of Noah,son of Milcah and Nahor, brother of Abraham,son of Dishan of Seir,a region in Edom inhabited by the descendants of Uz of Seir
 · Zion one of the hills on which Jerusalem was built; the temple area; the city of Jerusalem; God's people,a town and citidel; an ancient part of Jerusalem


Dictionary Themes and Topics: Poetry | Doubting | Afflictions and Adversities | Church | War | Famine | SIEGE | Zedekiah | STONES, PRECIOUS | OSTRICH | Nazirite | OBADIAH, BOOK OF | Messiah | LAMENTATIONS, BOOK OF | PALESTINE, 3 | Edomites | Minister | Malice | COAL | Jackal | more
Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Lam 4:2 Heb “the work of the hands of a potter.”

NET Notes: Lam 4:3 The MT Kethib form כִּי עֵנִים (ki ’enim) is by all accounts a textual corruption fo...

NET Notes: Lam 4:4 Heb “there is not a divider to them.” The term פָּרַשׂ (paras), Qal active participle ms from &#...

NET Notes: Lam 4:5 The Hebrew word אַשְׁפַּתּוֹת (’ashpatot) can also mean “ash...

NET Notes: Lam 4:6 Heb “without a hand turned.” The preposition ב (bet) after the verb חוּל (khul) in Hos 11:6 is adversative &...

NET Notes: Lam 4:7 Heb “lapis lazuli.” Lapis lazuli is a dark blue semi-precious stone.

NET Notes: Lam 4:8 Heb “their outline” or “their form.” The Hebrew noun תֹּאַר (to’ar, “outline, ...

NET Notes: Lam 4:9 Heb “produce of the field.”

NET Notes: Lam 4:10 Heb “in the destruction of the daughter of my people.”

NET Notes: Lam 4:11 The term יְסוֹד (yÿsod, “foundation”) refers to the ground-level and below ground-level foundatio...

NET Notes: Lam 4:12 For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

NET Notes: Lam 4:13 There is no main verb in the verse; it is an extended prepositional phrase. One must either assume a verbal idea such as “But it happened due to...

NET Notes: Lam 4:14 The translation is conjecture. The MT has the preposition ב (bet, “in,” “by,” “with,” “when,” et...

NET Notes: Lam 4:15 Heb “They say among the nations.”

NET Notes: Lam 4:16 The basic meaning of the verb חָנַן (khanan) is “to show favor [to], be gracious [to].” In some contexts thi...

NET Notes: Lam 4:17 Heb “Our eyes failed in vain for help.”

NET Notes: Lam 4:18 Heb “our days were full.”

NET Notes: Lam 4:19 Or “in the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s...

NET Notes: Lam 4:20 Heb “under his shadow.” The term צֵל (tsel, “shadow”) is used figuratively here to refer the source of prote...

NET Notes: Lam 4:21 The imperfect verb “will pass” may also be a jussive, continuing the element of request, “let the cup pass…”

NET Notes: Lam 4:22 The verb גִּלָּה (gillah) could be taken as a precative perfect, making a request to God. See the note at th...

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