Neh 13:1-12 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- Nehemiah 13:1-12 (NET)

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Context

Further Reforms by Nehemiah

13:1 On that day the book of Moses was read aloud in the hearing of the people. They found written in it that no Ammonite or Moabite may ever enter the assembly of God, 13:2 for they had not met the Israelites with food and water, but instead had hired Balaam to curse them. (Our God, however, turned the curse into blessing.) 13:3 When they heard the law, they removed from Israel all who were of mixed ancestry. 13:4 But prior to this time, Eliashib the priest, a relative of Tobiah, had been appointed over the storerooms of the temple of our God. 13:5 He made for himself a large storeroom where previously they had been keeping the grain offering, the incense, and the vessels, along with the tithes of the grain, the new wine, and the olive oil as commanded for the Levites, the singers, the gate keepers, and the offering for the priests. 13:6 During all this time I was not in Jerusalem, for in the thirty-second year of King Artaxerxes of Babylon, I had gone back to the king. After some time I had requested leave of the king, 13:7 and I returned to Jerusalem. Then I discovered the evil that Eliashib had done for Tobiah by supplying him with a storeroom in the courts of the temple of God. 13:8 I was very upset, and I threw all of Tobiah’s household possessions out of the storeroom. 13:9 Then I gave instructions that the storerooms should be purified, and I brought back the equipment of the temple of God, along with the grain offering and the incense. 13:10 I also discovered that the grain offerings for the Levites had not been provided, and that as a result the Levites and the singers who performed this work had all gone off to their fields. 13:11 So I registered a complaint with the leaders, asking “Why is the temple of God neglected?” Then I gathered them and reassigned them to their positions. 13:12 Then all of Judah brought the tithe of the grain, the new wine, and the olive oil to the storerooms.

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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Ammonite the tribe/nation of people descended from Ben-Ammi, Lot's son,Territory of the tribe/nation of Ammon

· Artaxerxes a man who usurped the Persian throne 552-551BC (ZD74),a Persian king who must have reigned before 516BC (ZD74),King of Persia about 460-440BC (ZD74)

· Babylon a country of Babylon in lower Mesopotamia

· Balaam the son of Beor,son of Beor of Pethor on the Euphrates River

· Eliashib chief of a division of priests serving in David's sanctuary,son of Eli-O-Enai, (Hananiah Zerubbabel David),high priest in the days of Nehemiah,a Levite singer who agreed to put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Zattu clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Bani clan who put away his heathen wife,a chief priest; son of Joiakim

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Jerusalem the capital city of Israel,a town; the capital of Israel near the southern border of Benjamin

· Judah the son of Jacob and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,a tribe, the land/country,a son of Joseph; the father of Simeon; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Jacob/Israel and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,the tribe of Judah,citizens of the southern kingdom of Judah,citizens of the Persian Province of Judah; the Jews who had returned from Babylonian exile,"house of Judah", a phrase which highlights the political leadership of the tribe of Judah,"king of Judah", a phrase which relates to the southern kingdom of Judah,"kings of Judah", a phrase relating to the southern kingdom of Judah,"princes of Judah", a phrase relating to the kingdom of Judah,the territory allocated to the tribe of Judah, and also the extended territory of the southern kingdom of Judah,the Province of Judah under Persian rule,"hill country of Judah", the relatively cool and green central highlands of the territory of Judah,"the cities of Judah",the language of the Jews; Hebrew,head of a family of Levites who returned from Exile,a Levite who put away his heathen wife,a man who was second in command of Jerusalem; son of Hassenuah of Benjamin,a Levite in charge of the songs of thanksgiving in Nehemiah's time,a leader who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah of Asaph dedicate Nehemiah's wall

· Levites relating to Levi and the priesthood given to him,a tribal name describing people and ceremonies as sacred

· Moabite a female descendant of Moab

· Moses a son of Amram; the Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them The Law of Moses,a Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them the law

· Tobiah head of a clan of returnees lacking proof of being Israelites,the Ammonite servant who helped Sanballat oppose Nehemiah

Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Neh 13:1 Heb “it was found.” The Hebrew verb is passive.

NET Notes: Neh 13:2 Heb “bread.” The Hebrew term is generic here, however, referring to more than bread alone.

NET Notes: Neh 13:4 The translation reads the plural rather than the singular of the MT.

NET Notes: Neh 13:5 Heb “giving.”

NET Notes: Neh 13:6 Heb “to the end of days.”

NET Notes: Neh 13:9 On the usage of this Hebrew word see HALOT 478-79 s.v. כְּלִי.

NET Notes: Neh 13:11 Heb “and I stood them on their standing.”

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