Text -- Psalms 79:8-13 (NET)

79:8 Do not hold us accountable for the sins of earlier generations! Quickly send your compassion our way, for we are in serious trouble! 79:9 Help us, O God, our deliverer! For the sake of your glorious reputation, rescue us! Forgive our sins for the sake of your reputation! 79:10 Why should the nations say, “Where is their God?” Before our very eyes may the shed blood of your servants be avenged among the nations! 79:11 Listen to the painful cries of the prisoners! Use your great strength to set free those condemned to die! 79:12 Pay back our neighbors in full! May they be insulted the same way they insulted you, O Lord! 79:13 Then we, your people, the sheep of your pasture, will continually thank you. We will tell coming generations of your praiseworthy acts.

Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Psa 79:8

¹ tn Heb “do not remember against us sins, former.” Some understand “former” as an attributive adjective modifying sins, “former [i.e., chronologically prior] sins” (see BDB 911 s.v. רִאשׁוֹן). The present translation assumes that ראשׁנים (“former”) here refers to those who lived formerly, that is, the people’s ancestors (see Lam 5:7). The word is used in this way in Lev 26:45; Deut 19:14 and Eccl 1:11.

² tn Heb “may your compassion quickly confront us.” The prefixed verbal form is understood as a jussive, indicating a tone of prayer.

³ tn Heb “for we are very low.”

NET Notes: Psa 79:9

¹ tn Heb “the glory of your name.” Here and in the following line “name” stands metonymically for God’s reputation.

² tn Heb “your name.”

NET Notes: Psa 79:10

¹ tn Heb “may it be known among the nations, to our eyes, the vengeance of the shed blood of your servants.”

NET Notes: Psa 79:11

¹ tn Heb “may the painful cry of the prisoner come before you.”

² tn Heb “according to the greatness of your arm leave the sons of death.” God’s “arm” here symbolizes his strength to deliver. The verbal form הוֹתֵר (hoter) is a Hiphil imperative from יָתַר (yatar, “to remain; to be left over”). Here it must mean “to leave over; to preserve.” However, it is preferable to emend the form to הַתֵּר (hatter), a Hiphil imperative from נָתַר (natar, “be free”). The Hiphil form is used in Ps 105:20 of Pharaoh freeing Joseph from prison. The phrase “sons of death” (see also Ps 102:21) is idiomatic for those condemned to die.

NET Notes: Psa 79:12

¹ tn Heb “Return to our neighbors sevenfold into their lap.” The number seven is used rhetorically to express the thorough nature of the action. For other rhetorical/figurative uses of the Hebrew phrase שִׁבְעָתַיִם (shiv’atayim, “seven times”) see Gen 4:15, 24; Ps 12:6; Prov 6:31; Isa 30:26.

² tn Heb “their reproach with which they reproached you, O Lord.”

NET Notes: Psa 79:13

¹ tn Or (hyperbolically) “will thank you forever.”

² tn Heb “to a generation and a generation we will report your praise.” Here “praise” stands by metonymy for the mighty acts that prompt worship. Cf. Ps 9:14.