Discovery Box1 Chronicles 13:1-2
Context13:1 David consulted with his military officers, including those who led groups of a thousand and those who led groups of a hundred. 1 13:2 David said to the whole Israelite assembly, “If you so desire and the Lord our God approves, 2 let’s spread the word 3 to our brothers who remain in all the regions of Israel, and to the priests and Levites in their cities, 4 so they may join us.
1 Chronicles 13:1
Context13:1 David consulted with his military officers, including those who led groups of a thousand and those who led groups of a hundred. 5
1 Chronicles 1:1-54
Context1:1 Adam, Seth, Enosh, 1:2 Kenan, Mahalalel, Jered, 1:3 Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech, 1:4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth. 6
1:5 The sons of Japheth:
Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.
1:6 The sons of Gomer:
Ashkenaz, Riphath, 7 and Togarmah.
Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittites, and the Rodanites. 9
1:8 The sons of Ham:
Cush, Mizraim, 10 Put, and Canaan.
1:9 The sons of Cush:
Seba, Havilah, Sabta, Raamah, and Sabteca.
The sons of Raamah:
Sheba and Dedan.
1:10 Cush was the father of Nimrod, who established himself as a mighty warrior on earth. 11
1:11 Mizraim was the father of the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, Naphtuhites, 1:12 Pathrusites, Casluhites (from whom the Philistines descended 12 ), and the Caphtorites.
1:13 Canaan was the father of Sidon – his firstborn – and Heth, 1:14 as well as the Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites, 1:15 Hivites, Arkites, Sinites, 1:16 Arvadites, Zemarites, and Hamathites.
1:17 The sons of Shem:
Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram.
The sons of Aram: 13
Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech. 14
1:18 Arphaxad was the father of Shelah, and Shelah was the father of Eber. 1:19 Two sons were born to Eber: the first was named Peleg, for during his lifetime the earth was divided; 15 his brother’s name was Joktan.
1:20 Joktan was the father of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, 1:21 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, 1:22 Ebal, 16 Abimael, Sheba, 1:23 Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
1:24 Shem, Arphaxad, Shelah, 17 1:25 Eber, Peleg, Reu, 1:26 Serug, Nahor, Terah, 1:27 Abram (that is, Abraham).
1:28 The sons of Abraham:
Isaac and Ishmael.
1:29 These were their descendants:
Ishmael’s firstborn son was Nebaioth; the others were 18 Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, 1:30 Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, 1:31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.
1:32 The sons to whom Keturah, Abraham’s concubine, 19 gave birth:
Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, Shuah.
The sons of Jokshan:
Sheba and Dedan.
1:33 The sons of Midian:
Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All these were the sons of Keturah.
1:34 Abraham was the father of Isaac. The sons of Isaac:
Esau and Israel.
1:35 The sons of Esau:
Eliphaz, Reuel, Jeush, Jalam, and Korah.
1:36 The sons of Eliphaz:
Teman, Omar, Zephi, 20 Gatam, Kenaz, and (by Timna) Amalek. 21
1:37 The sons of Reuel:
Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
1:38 The sons of Seir:
Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah, Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan.
1:39 The sons of Lotan:
Hori and Homam. (Timna was Lotan’s sister.) 22
1:40 The sons of Shobal:
Alyan, 23 Manahath, Ebal, Shephi, 24 and Onam.
The sons of Zibeon:
Aiah and Anah.
Dishon.
The sons of Dishon:
Hamran, 26 Eshban, Ithran, and Keran.
1:42 The sons of Ezer:
Bilhan, Zaavan, Jaakan. 27
The sons of Dishan: 28
Uz and Aran.
1:43 These were the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before any king ruled over the Israelites:
Bela son of Beor; the name of his city was Dinhabah.
1:44 When Bela died, Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrah, succeeded him. 29
1:45 When Jobab died, Husham from the land of the Temanites succeeded him.
1:46 When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad succeeded him. He struck down the Midianites in the plains of Moab; the name of his city was Avith.
1:47 When Hadad died, Samlah from Masrekah succeeded him.
1:48 When Samlah died, Shaul from Rehoboth on the river 30 succeeded him.
1:49 When Shaul died, Baal-Hanan son of Achbor succeeded him.
1:50 When Baal-Hanan died, Hadad succeeded him; the name of his city was Pai. 31 His wife was Mehetabel, daughter of Matred, daughter of Me-Zahab.
1:51 Hadad died.
The tribal chiefs of Edom were:
Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, 1:52 Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon, 1:53 Kenaz, Teman, 32 Mibzar, 1:54 Magdiel, Iram. 33 These were the tribal chiefs of Edom.
1 Chronicles 10:1-14
Context10:1 Now the Philistines fought against Israel. The Israelites fled before the Philistines and many of them fell dead on Mount Gilboa. 10:2 The Philistines stayed right on the heels of 34 Saul and his sons. They 35 struck down Saul’s 36 sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malki-Shua. 10:3 The battle was thick 37 around Saul; the archers spotted him and wounded him. 38 10:4 Saul told his armor bearer, “Draw your sword and stab me with it. Otherwise these uncircumcised people will come and torture me.” 39 But his armor bearer refused to do it, because he was very afraid. So Saul took the sword and fell on it. 10:5 When his armor bearer saw that Saul was dead, he also fell on his sword and died. 10:6 So Saul and his three sons died; his whole household 40 died together. 10:7 When all the Israelites who were in the valley saw that the army 41 had fled and that Saul and his sons were dead, they abandoned their cities and fled. The Philistines came and occupied them.
10:8 The next day, when the Philistines came to strip loot from the corpses, they discovered Saul and his sons lying dead on Mount Gilboa. 10:9 They stripped his corpse, and then carried off his head and his armor. They sent messengers throughout the land of the Philistines proclaiming the news to their idols and their people. 10:10 They placed his armor in the temple of their gods 42 and hung his head in the temple of Dagon. 10:11 When all the residents of Jabesh Gilead heard about everything the Philistines had done to Saul, 10:12 all the warriors went and recovered the bodies of Saul and his sons 43 and brought them to Jabesh. They buried their remains 44 under the oak tree in Jabesh and fasted for seven days.
10:13 So Saul died because he was unfaithful to the Lord and did not obey the Lord’s instructions; he even tried to conjure up underworld spirits. 45 10:14 He did not seek the Lord’s guidance, so the Lord 46 killed him and transferred the kingdom to David son of Jesse.
1 Chronicles 20:1-8
Context20:1 In the spring, at the time when kings normally conduct wars, 47 Joab led the army into battle and devastated the land of the Ammonites. He went and besieged Rabbah, while David stayed in Jerusalem. Joab defeated Rabbah and tore it down. 20:2 David took the crown from the head of their king 48 and wore it 49 (its weight was a talent 50 of gold and it was set with precious stones). He took a large amount of plunder from the city. 20:3 He removed the city’s residents and made them do hard labor with saws, iron picks, and axes. 51 This was his policy 52 with all the Ammonite cities. Then David and all the army returned to Jerusalem.
20:4 Later there was a battle 53 with the Philistines in Gezer. 54 At that time Sibbekai the Hushathite killed Sippai, 55 one of the descendants of the Rephaim, and the Philistines 56 were subdued.
20:5 There was another battle with the Philistines in which Elhanan son of Jair the Bethlehemite killed the brother of Goliath the Gittite, 57 whose spear had a shaft as big as the crossbeam of a weaver’s loom. 58
20:6 In a battle in Gath 59 there was a large man who had six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot – twenty-four in all! He too was a descendant of Rapha. 20:7 When he taunted Israel, Jonathan son of Shimea, 60 David’s brother, killed him.
20:8 These were the descendants of Rapha who lived in Gath; they were killed 61 by the hand of David and his soldiers. 62
[13:1] 1 tn Heb “and David consulted with the officers of thousands and hundreds, to every ruler.”
[13:2] 2 tn Heb “If to you [it is] good and from the
[13:2] 3 tn Heb “let us spread and let us send.” The words “the word” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
[13:2] 4 tn Heb “in the cities of their pasturelands.”
[13:1] 3 tn Heb “and David consulted with the officers of thousands and hundreds, to every ruler.”
[1:4] 4 tc The LXX reads “Noah; the sons of Noah [were] Shem, Ham, and Japheth.” Several English translations (e.g., NIV, NLT) follow the LXX.
[1:6] 5 tc Many medieval Hebrew
[1:7] 6 tn Or in this case, “descendants.”
[1:7] 7 tc The Kethiv has “Rodanim,” which probably refers to the island of Rhodes. The Qere has “Dodanim,” which refers to one of the most ancient and revered locations in ancient Greece. The MT and most medieval Hebrew
[1:10] 8 tn Heb “he began to be a mighty warrior in the earth.”
[1:17] 10 tc The words “the sons of Aram” do not appear in the Hebrew text. Apparently the phrase וּבְנֵי אֲרָם (uvÿney ’aram) has accidentally dropped out of the text by homoioteleuton (note the presence of אֲרָם just before this). The phrase is included in Gen 10:23.
[1:17] 11 tc The MT of the parallel geneaology in Gen 10:23 reads “Mash,” but the LXX there reads “Meshech” in agreement with 1 Chr 1:17.
[1:19] 11 sn Perhaps this refers to the scattering of the people at Babel (Gen 11:1-9).
[1:22] 12 tc Some medieval Hebrew
[1:24] 13 tc Some LXX
[1:29] 14 tn The words “the others were” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:32] 15 sn A concubine was a slave woman in ancient Near Eastern societies who was the legal property of her master, but who could have legitimate sexual relations with her master. A concubine’s status was more elevated than a mere servant, but she was not free and did not have the legal rights of a free wife. The children of a concubine could, in some instances, become equal heirs with the children of the free wife. After the period of the Judges concubines may have become more of a royal prerogative (2 Sam 21:10-14; 1 Kgs 11:3).
[1:36] 16 tc Many medieval Hebrew
[1:36] 17 tn The Hebrew text has simply, “and Timna and Amalek,” but Gen 36:12 indicates that Timna, a concubine of Eliphaz, was the mother of Amalek. See also v. 39 below, which states that Timna was the sister of Lotan.
[1:39] 17 tn Perhaps this is the Timna mentioned in v. 36.
[1:40] 18 tc Some medieval Hebrew
[1:40] 19 tc A few medieval Hebrew
[1:41] 19 tn Heb “sons.” The Hebrew text has the plural, but only one son is listed. For stylistic reasons the singular “son” was used in the translation.
[1:41] 20 tn The parallel geneaology in Gen 36:26 has the variant spelling “Hemdan.” Some English versions follow the variant spelling here (e.g., NAB, NIV, NCV, CEV, NLT).
[1:42] 20 tn The parallel geneaology in Gen 36:27 has the variant spelling “Akan.” Among English versions that use the variant spelling here are NIV, NCV, NLT.
[1:42] 21 tc The MT reads “Dishon” here, but this should be emended to “Dishan.” See the list in v. 38 and Gen 36:28.
[1:44] 21 tn Heb “ruled in his place,” here and in vv. 45-50.
[1:48] 22 tn Or “near the river.”
[1:50] 23 tc Many medieval Hebrew
[1:53] 24 tn The parallel genealogy in Gen 36:42 has the variant spelling “Temam.”
[1:54] 25 tn Each of the names in this list is preceded by the word “chief” in the Hebrew text. This has not been included in the translation because it would appear very redundant to the modern reader.
[10:2] 26 tn Heb “stuck close after.”
[10:2] 27 tn Heb “the Philistines.” The translation has substituted the pronoun “they” to avoid redundancy.
[10:2] 28 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Saul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[10:3] 28 tn Heb “and they found him, the ones who shoot with the bow, and he was in pain from the ones shooting.”
[10:4] 28 tn Heb “so these uncircumcised ones might not come and abuse me.”
[10:6] 29 tn Heb “all his house.” This is probably to be understood as a general summary statement. It could include other males in Saul’s household besides his three sons, cf. 1 Sam 31:6. If it refers only to the male members of his household who would have stood in succession to the throne (cf. NLT, “bringing his dynasty to an end,”) even here there is an exception, since one of Saul’s sons, Eshbaal (or “Ishbosheth” in 2 Sam 2:8) was not killed in the battle and became king over Israel, which he ruled for two years (2 Sam 2:10) until he was assassinated by Rechab and Baanah (2 Sam 4:5-6). The tribe of Judah never acknowledged Ishbosheth as king; instead they followed David (2 Sam 2:10).
[10:7] 30 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the army) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[10:10] 31 tn Or “god.” The Hebrew term may be translated as singular or plural depending on the context.
[10:12] 32 tn Heb “arose and carried away the corpse of Saul and the corpses of his sons.”
[10:12] 33 tn Heb “their bones.”
[10:13] 33 tn Heb “and Saul died because of his unfaithfulness by which he acted unfaithfully against the
[10:14] 34 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the
[20:1] 35 tn Heb “and it was at the time of the turning of the year, at the time of the going out of kings.”
[20:2] 36 tc The translation follows the MT, which reads “of their king”; the LXX and Vulgate read “of Milcom” (cf. 1 Kgs 11:5). Milcom, also known as Molech, was the god of the Ammonites.
[20:2] 37 tn Heb “and it was on the head of David.”
[20:2] 38 sn See the note on the word “talents” in 19:6.
[20:3] 37 tc The Hebrew text reads “saws,” but since saws were just mentioned, it is preferable to emend מְגֵרוֹת (mÿgerot, “saws”) to מַגְזְרוֹת (magzÿrot, “axes”).
[20:3] 38 tn Heb “and so he would do.”
[20:4] 38 tn Heb “battle stood.”
[20:4] 39 tn The parallel text in 2 Sam 21:18 identifies this site as “Gob.”
[20:4] 40 tn The parallel text in 2 Sam 21:18 has the variant spelling “Saph.”
[20:4] 41 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Philistines) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[20:5] 39 tc The Hebrew text reads, “Elchanan son of Jair killed Lachmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite.” But it is likely that the accusative marker in front of לַחְמִי (lakhmiy, “Lachmi”) is a corruption of בֵּית (bet), and that אֶת־לַחְמִי (’et-lakhmiy) should be emended to בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי (bet hallakhmiy, “the Bethlehemite”). See 2 Sam 21:19.
[20:5] 40 tc See tc note on the parallel passage in 2 Sam 21:19.
[20:6] 40 tn Heb “and there was another battle, in Gath.”
[20:7] 41 tn The parallel text in 2 Sam 21:21 has the variant spelling “Shimeah.”
