Discovery Box1 Chronicles 18:1-7
Context18:1 Later David defeated the Philistines and subdued them. He took Gath and its surrounding towns 1 away from the Philistines. 2
18:2 He defeated the Moabites; the Moabites became David’s subjects and brought tribute. 3
18:3 David defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah as far as Hamath, when he went to extend his authority 4 to the Euphrates River. 5 18:4 David seized from him 1,000 chariots, 7,000 charioteers, 6 and 20,000 infantrymen. David cut the hamstrings of all but a hundred of Hadadezer’s 7 chariot horses. 8 18:5 The Arameans of Damascus came to help King Hadadezer of Zobah, but David killed 22,000 of the Arameans. 18:6 David placed garrisons in the territory of the Arameans of Damascus; 9 the Arameans became David’s subjects and brought tribute. The Lord protected 10 David wherever he campaigned. 11 18:7 David took the golden shields which Hadadezer’s servants had carried 12 and brought them to Jerusalem. 13
[18:1] 1 tn 2 Sam 8:1 identifies this region as “Metheg Ammah.”
[18:1] 2 tn Heb “from the hand of the Philistines.” Here “hand” is figurative language for “control.”
[18:2] 3 tn Heb “and the Moabites were servants of David, carriers of tribute.”
[18:3] 5 tn Heb “when he went to set up his hand at the Euphrates River.” The Hebrew word יָד (yad, “hand”) is usually understood to mean “control” or “dominion” here. However, since יָד does occasionally refer to a monument, perhaps one could translate, “to set up his monument at the Euphrates River” (i.e., as a visible marker of the limits of his dominion). For another example of the Hiphil of נָצַב (natsav) used with יָד (“monument”), see 1 Sam 15:12.
[18:4] 7 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Hadadezer) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[18:4] 8 tn Heb “and David cut the hamstrings of all the chariot horses, and he left from them one hundred chariot horses.”
[18:6] 9 tc Heb “and David placed in Aram of Damascus.” The object נְצִיבִים (nÿtsivim, “garrisons”) appears to have been accidentally omitted from the text. See v. 13, as well as the parallel passage in 2 Sam 8:6, which includes it.
[18:6] 11 tn Or “wherever he went.”
[18:7] 12 tn Heb “which were upon the servants of Hadadezer.”
[18:7] 13 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
