1 Peter 1:22--2:3

1:22 You have purified ¹  your souls by obeying the truth ²  in order to show sincere mutual love. ³  So ⁴  love one another earnestly from a pure heart. ⁵  1:23 You have been born anew, not from perishable but from imperishable seed, through the living and enduring word of God. 1:24 For

all flesh ⁶  is like grass

and all its glory like the flower of the grass; ⁷ 

the grass withers and the flower falls off,

1:25 but the word of the Lord ⁸  endures forever. ⁹ 

And this is the word that was proclaimed to you.

2:1 So get rid of ¹⁰  all evil and all deceit and hypocrisy and envy and all slander. 2:2 And ¹¹  yearn ¹²  like newborn infants for pure, spiritual milk, ¹³  so that by it you may grow up to ¹⁴  salvation, ¹⁵  2:3 if you have experienced ¹⁶  the Lord’s kindness. ¹⁷ 

[1:22]  ¹ tn Grk “having purified,” as the preparation for the love described in the second half of the verse.

[1:22]  ² tc Most later mss (P Ï) have διὰ πνεύματος (dia pneumato", “through the spirit”) after ἀληθείας (ajlhqeia", “truth”), while the words are lacking in a broad spectrum of early and important witnesses (Ì⁷² א A B C Ψ 33 81 323 945 1241 1739 al vg sy co). On external grounds, the shorter reading cannot be easily explained if it were not original. The longer reading is clearly secondary, added to show more strongly God’s part in man’s obedience to the truth. But the addition ignores the force that the author gives to “purified” and ruins the balance between v. 22 and v. 23 (for in v. 23 the emphasis is on God’s part; here, on man’s part).

[1:22]  ³ tn Grk “for sincere brotherly love.”

[1:22]  ⁴ tn Verses 22-23 are a single sentence in the Greek text. To improve clarity (and because contemporary English tends to use shorter sentences) these verses have been divided into three sentences in the translation. In addition, “So” has been supplied at the beginning of the second English sentence (v. 22b) to indicate the relationship with the preceding statement.

[1:22]  ⁵ tc A few mss (A B 1852 pc) lack καθαρᾶς (kaqaras, “pure”) and read simply καρδίας (kardias, “from the heart”), but there is excellent ms support (Ì⁷² א* C P Ψ 33 1739 Ï co) for the word. The omission may have been accidental. In the uncial script (kaqaras kardias) an accidental omission could have happened via homoioteleuton or homoioarcton. καθαρᾶς should be considered original.

[1:24]  ⁶ sn Here all flesh is a metaphor for humanity – human beings as both frail and temporary.

[1:24]  ⁷ tn Or “a wildflower.”

[1:25]  ¹¹ sn The word of the Lord is a technical expression in OT literature, often referring to a divine prophetic utterance (e.g., Gen 15:1, Isa 1:10, Jonah 1:1). In the NT it occurs 15 times: 3 times as ῥῆμα τοῦ κυρίου (rJhma tou kuriou; here and in Luke 22:61, Acts 11:16) and 12 times as λόγος τοῦ κυρίου (logo" tou kuriou; Acts 8:25; 13:44, 48, 49; 15:35, 36; 16:32; 19:10, 20; 1 Thess 1:8, 4:15; 2 Thess 3:1). As in the OT, this phrase focuses on the prophetic nature and divine origin of what has been said.

[1:25]  ¹² sn A quotation from Isa 40:6, 8.

[2:1]  ¹⁶ tn Or “put away.”

[2:2]  ²¹ tn Here “And” has been supplied in the translation to show clearly the connection between vv. 1 and 2.

[2:2]  ²² tn Grk “getting rid of…yearn for.”

[2:2]  ²³ tn The word for spiritual in Greek is λογικός (logikos), which is a play on words with the reference in 1:23-25 to the living and enduring word (λόγος, logos) of God, through which they were born anew. This is a subtle indication that the nourishment for their growth must be the word of God.

[2:2]  ²⁴ tn Or “in, in regard to.” But the focus of “salvation” here, as in 1:5, 9, is the future deliverance of these who have been born anew and protected by God’s power.

[2:2]  ²⁵ tc The Byzantine text lacks εἰς σωτηρίαν (ei" swthrian, “to salvation”), while the words are found in the earliest and best witnesses (Ì⁷² א A B C K P Ψ 33 81 630 1241 1505 1739 al latt sy co). Not only is the longer reading superior externally, but since the notion of growing up [in]to salvation would have seemed theologically objectionable, it is easy to see why some scribes would omit it.

[2:3]  ²⁶ tn Grk “have tasted that the Lord is kind.”

[2:3]  ²⁷ sn A quotation from Ps 34:8.