2 Samuel 10:2-3

10:2 David said, “I will express my loyalty ¹  to Hanun son of Nahash just as his father was loyal ²  to me.” So David sent his servants with a message expressing sympathy over his father’s death. ³  When David’s servants entered the land of the Ammonites, 10:3 the Ammonite officials said to their lord Hanun, “Do you really think David is trying to honor your father by sending these messengers to express his sympathy? ⁴  No, David has sent his servants to you to get information about the city and spy on it so they can overthrow it!” ⁵ 

2 Samuel 10:19--11:1

10:19 When all the kings who were subject to Hadadezer ⁶  saw they were defeated by Israel, they made peace with Israel and became subjects of Israel. ⁷  The Arameans were no longer willing to help the Ammonites.

David Commits Adultery with Bathsheba

11:1 In the spring of the year, at the time when kings ⁸  normally conduct wars, ⁹  David sent out Joab with his officers ¹⁰  and the entire Israelite army. ¹¹  They defeated the Ammonites and besieged Rabbah. But David stayed behind in Jerusalem. ¹² 

2 Samuel 12:9

12:9 Why have you shown contempt for the word of the Lord by doing evil in my ¹³  sight? You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword and you have taken his wife as your own! ¹⁴  You have killed him with the sword of the Ammonites.

2 Samuel 12:31

12:31 He removed ¹⁵  the people who were in it and made them do hard labor with saws, iron picks, and iron axes, putting them to work at the brick kiln. This was his policy ¹⁶  with all the Ammonite cities. Then David and all the army returned to Jerusalem. ¹⁷ 

[10:2]  ¹ tn Heb “do loyalty.”

[10:2]  ² tn Heb “did loyalty.”

[10:2]  ³ tn Heb “and David sent to console him by the hand of his servants concerning his father.”

[10:3]  ⁴ tn Heb “Is David honoring your father in your eyes when he sends to you ones consoling?”

[10:3]  ⁵ tn Heb “Is it not to explore the city and to spy on it and to overthrow it [that] David has sent his servants to you?”

[10:19]  ⁷ tn Heb “the servants of Hadadezer.”

[10:19]  ⁸ tn Heb “and they served them.”

[11:1]  ¹⁰ tc Codex Leningrad (B19A), on which BHS is based, has here “messengers” (הַמַּלְאכִים, hammal’khim), probably as the result of contamination from the occurrence of that word in v. 4. The present translation follows most Hebrew mss and the ancient versions, which read “kings” (הַמֶּלָאכִים, hammela’kim).

[11:1]  ¹¹ tn Heb “go out.”

[11:1]  ¹² tn Heb “and his servants with him.”

[11:1]  ¹³ tn Heb “all Israel.”

[11:1]  ¹⁴ tn The disjunctive clause contrasts David’s inactivity with the army’s activity.

[12:9]  ¹³ tc So the Qere; the Kethib has “his.”

[12:9]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “to you for a wife.” This expression also occurs at the end of v. 10.

[12:31]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “brought out.”

[12:31]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “and so he would do.”

[12:31]  ¹⁸ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.