Acts 2:10

2:10 Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the parts of Libya near Cyrene, ¹  and visitors from Rome, ² 

Acts 22:25-26

22:25 When they had stretched him out for the lash, ³  Paul said to the centurion ⁴  standing nearby, “Is it legal for you to lash a man who is a Roman citizen ⁵  without a proper trial?” ⁶  22:26 When the centurion ⁷  heard this, ⁸  he went to the commanding officer ⁹  and reported it, ¹⁰  saying, “What are you about to do? ¹¹  For this man is a Roman citizen.” ¹² 

Acts 23:27

23:27 This man was seized ¹³  by the Jews and they were about to kill him, ¹⁴  when I came up ¹⁵  with the detachment ¹⁶  and rescued him, because I had learned that he was ¹⁷  a Roman citizen. ¹⁸ 

Acts 16:37

16:37 But Paul said to the police officers, ¹⁹  “They had us beaten in public ²⁰  without a proper trial ²¹  – even though we are Roman citizens ²²  – and they threw us ²³  in prison. And now they want to send us away ²⁴  secretly? Absolutely not! They ²⁵  themselves must come and escort us out!” ²⁶ 

Acts 22:29

22:29 Then those who were about to interrogate him stayed away ²⁷  from him, and the commanding officer ²⁸  was frightened when he realized that Paul ²⁹  was ³⁰  a Roman citizen ³¹  and that he had had him tied up. ³² 

Acts 25:16

25:16 I answered them ³³  that it was not the custom of the Romans to hand over anyone ³⁴  before the accused had met his accusers face to face ³⁵  and had been given ³⁶  an opportunity to make a defense against the accusation. ³⁷ 

[2:10]  ¹ tn According to BDAG 595 s.v. Λιβύη, the western part of Libya, Libya Cyrenaica, is referred to here (see also Josephus, Ant. 16.6.1 [16.160] for a similar phrase).

[2:10]  ² map For location see JP4 A1.

[22:25]  ³ tn Grk “for the thongs” (of which the lash was made). Although often translated as a dative of means (“with thongs”), referring to thongs used to tie the victim to the whipping post, BDAG 474-75 s.v. ἱμάς states that it “is better taken as a dat. of purpose for the thongs, in which case οἱ ἱμάντες = whips (Posidonius: 87 fgm. 5 Jac.; POxy. 1186, 2 τὴν διὰ τῶν ἱμάντων αἰκείαν. – Antiphanes 74, 8, Demosth. 19, 197 and Artem. 1, 70 use the sing. in this way).”

[22:25]  ⁴ sn See the note on the word centurion in 10:1.

[22:25]  ⁵ tn The word “citizen” is supplied here for emphasis and clarity.

[22:25]  ⁶ tn Or “a Roman citizen and uncondemned.” BDAG 35 s.v. ἀκατάκριτος has “uncondemned, without due process” for this usage.

[22:26]  ⁵ sn See the note on the word centurion in 10:1.

[22:26]  ⁶ tn The word “this” is not in the Greek text but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[22:26]  ⁷ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). See note on the term “commanding officer” in v. 24.

[22:26]  ⁸ tn The word “it” is not in the Greek text but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[22:26]  ⁹ tn Or perhaps, “What do you intend to do?” Although BDAG 627 s.v. μέλλω 1.c.α lists this phrase under the category “be about to, be on the point of,” it is possible it belongs under 1.c.γ, “denoting an intended action: intend, propose, have in mind…τί μέλλεις ποιεῖν; what do you intend to do?”

[22:26]  ¹⁰ tn The word “citizen” is supplied here for emphasis and clarity.

[23:27]  ⁷ tn The participle συλλημφθέντα (sullhmfqenta) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. The remark reviews events of Acts 21:27-40.

[23:27]  ⁸ tn Grk “and was about to be killed by them.” The passive construction has been converted to an active one in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[23:27]  ⁹ tn Or “approached.”

[23:27]  ¹⁰ tn Normally this term means “army,” but according to BDAG 947 s.v. στράτευμα, “Of a smaller detachment of soldiers, sing. Ac 23:10, 27.” In the plural it can be translated “troops,” but it is singular here.

[23:27]  ¹¹ tn In Greek this is a present tense retained in indirect discourse.

[23:27]  ¹² tn The word “citizen” is supplied here for emphasis and clarity.

[16:37]  ⁹ tn Grk “to them”; the referent (the police officers) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[16:37]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “Having us beaten in public.” The participle δείραντες (deirante") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[16:37]  ¹¹ tn Or “in public, uncondemned.” BDAG 35 s.v. ἀκατάκριτος has “uncondemned, without due process” for this usage.

[16:37]  ¹² tn The participle ὑπάρχοντας (Juparconta") has been translated as a concessive adverbial participle.

[16:37]  ¹³ tn The word “us” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[16:37]  ¹⁴ tn L&N 28.71 has “send us away secretly” for this verse.

[16:37]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “But they.”

[16:37]  ¹⁶ sn They themselves must come and escort us out! Paul was asking for the injustice he and Silas suffered to be symbolically righted. It was a way of publicly taking their actions off the record and showing the apostles’ innocence, a major public statement. Note the apology given in v. 39.

[22:29]  ¹¹ tn BDAG 158 s.v. ἀφίστημι 2.b has “keep away…ἀπό τινος… Lk 4:13; Ac 5:38; 2 Cor 12:8…cp. Ac 22:29.” In context, the point would seem to be not that the interrogators departed or withdrew, but that they held back from continuing the flogging.

[22:29]  ¹² tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). See note on the term “commanding officer” in v. 24.

[22:29]  ¹³ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:29]  ¹⁴ tn This is a present tense (ἐστιν, estin) retained in indirect discourse. It must be translated as a past tense in contemporary English.

[22:29]  ¹⁵ tn The word “citizen” is supplied here for emphasis and clarity.

[22:29]  ¹⁶ sn Had him tied up. Perhaps a reference to the chains in Acts 21:33, or the preparations for the lashing in Acts 22:25. A trial would now be needed to resolve the matter. The Roman authorities’ hesitation to render a judgment in the case occurs repeatedly: Acts 22:30; 23:28-29; 24:22; 25:20, 26-27. The legal process begun here would take the rest of Acts and will be unresolved at the end. The process itself took four years of Paul’s life.

[25:16]  ¹³ tn Grk “to whom I answered.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the relative pronoun (“whom”) has been replaced with a personal pronoun (“them”) and a new sentence started in the translation at the beginning of v. 16.

[25:16]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “any man.” This is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpos).

[25:16]  ¹⁵ tn Or “has met his accusers in person.”

[25:16]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “and receives.”

[25:16]  ¹⁷ tn Or “indictment” (a legal technical term). BDAG 273-74 s.v. ἔγκλημα 1 states, “legal t.t.…ἀπολογία περὶ τοῦ ἐ. defense against the accusation Ac 25:16.” L&N 56.6 defines ἔγκλημα (enklhma) as “(a technical, legal term) a formal indictment or accusation brought against someone – ‘indictment, accusation, case.’ …‘and might receive an opportunity for a defense against the indictment’ Ac 25:16.”