Galatians 1:11

Paul’s Vindication of His Apostleship

1:11 Now ¹  I want you to know, brothers and sisters, ²  that the gospel I preached is not of human origin. ³ 

Galatians 3:12

3:12 But the law is not based on faith, ⁴  but the one who does the works of the law ⁵  will live by them. ⁶ 

Galatians 4:1

4:1 Now I mean that the heir, as long as he is a minor, ⁷  is no different from a slave, though he is the owner ⁸  of everything.

Galatians 5:3

5:3 And I testify again to every man who lets himself be circumcised that he is obligated to obey ⁹  the whole law.

Galatians 5:22

5:22 But the fruit of the Spirit ¹⁰  is love, ¹¹  joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, ¹² 

[1:11]  ¹ tc ‡ The conjunction δέ (de) is found in Ì⁴⁶ א*^,2 A D¹ Ψ 1739 1881 Ï sy bo, while γάρ (gar) is the conjunction of choice in א¹ B D*^,c F G 33 pc lat sa. There are thus good representatives on each side. Scribes generally tended to prefer γάρ in such instances, most likely because it was more forceful and explicit. γάρ is thus seen as a motivated reading. For this reason, δέ is preferred.

[1:11]  ² tn Grk “brothers,” but the Greek word may be used for “brothers and sisters” or “fellow Christians” as here (cf. BDAG 18 s.v. ἀδελφός 1, where considerable nonbiblical evidence for the plural ἀδελφοί [adelfoi] meaning “brothers and sisters” is cited).

[1:11]  ³ tn Grk “is not according to man.”

[3:12]  ⁴ tn Grk “is not from faith.”

[3:12]  ⁵ tn Grk “who does these things”; the referent (the works of the law, see 3:5) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[3:12]  ⁶ sn A quotation from Lev 18:5. The phrase the works of the law is an editorial expansion on the Greek text (see previous note); it has been left as normal typeface to indicate it is not part of the OT text.

[4:1]  ⁷ tn Grk “a small child.” The Greek term νήπιος (nhpios) refers to a young child, no longer a helpless infant but probably not more than three or four years old (L&N 9.43). The point in context, though, is that this child is too young to take any responsibility for the management of his assets.

[4:1]  ⁸ tn Grk “master” or “lord” (κύριος, kurios).

[5:3]  ¹⁰ tn Or “keep”; or “carry out”; Grk “do.”

[5:22]  ¹³ tn That is, the fruit the Spirit produces.

[5:22]  ¹⁴ sn Another way to punctuate this is “love” followed by a colon (love: joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control). It is thus possible to read the eight characteristics following “love” as defining love.

[5:22]  ¹⁵ tn Or “reliability”; see BDAG 818 s.v. πίστις 1.a.