Galatians 4:26

4:26 But the Jerusalem above is free, ¹  and she is our mother.

Galatians 4:31

4:31 Therefore, brothers and sisters, ²  we are not children of the slave woman but of the free woman.

Galatians 4:22-23

4:22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the ³  slave woman and the other by the free woman. 4:23 But one, the son by the slave woman, was born by natural descent, ⁴  while the other, the son by the free woman, was born through the promise.

Galatians 3:28

3:28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave ⁵  nor free, there is neither male nor female ⁶  – for all of you are one in Christ Jesus.

Galatians 4:30

4:30 But what does the scripture say? “Throw out the slave woman and her son, for the son of the slave woman will not share the inheritance with the son” ⁷  of the free woman.

[4:26]  ¹ sn The meaning of the statement the Jerusalem above is free is that the other woman represents the second covenant (cf. v. 24); she corresponds to the Jerusalem above that is free. Paul’s argument is very condensed at this point.

[4:31]  ² tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:11.

[4:22]  ³ tn Paul’s use of the Greek article here and before the phrase “free woman” presumes that both these characters are well known to the recipients of his letter. This verse is given as an example of the category called “well-known (‘celebrity’ or ‘familiar’) article” by ExSyn 225.

[4:23]  ⁴ tn Grk “born according to the flesh”; BDAG 916 s.v. σάρξ 4 has “Of natural descent τὰ τέκνα τῆς σαρκός children by natural descent Ro 9:8 (opp. τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐπαγγελίας). ὁ μὲν ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης κατὰ σάρκα γεγέννηται Gal 4:23; cp. vs. 29.”

[3:28]  ⁵ tn See the note on the word “slave” in 1:10.

[3:28]  ⁶ tn Grk “male and female.”

[4:30]  ⁶ sn A quotation from Gen 21:10. The phrase of the free woman does not occur in Gen 21:10.