Discovery BoxHebrews 10:1-31
Context10:1 For the law possesses a shadow of the good things to come but not the reality itself, and is therefore completely unable, by the same sacrifices offered continually, year after year, to perfect those who come to worship. 1 10:2 For otherwise would they not have ceased to be offered, since the worshipers would have been purified once for all and so have 2 no further consciousness of sin? 10:3 But in those sacrifices 3 there is a reminder of sins year after year. 10:4 For the blood of bulls and goats cannot take away sins. 4 10:5 So when he came into the world, he said,
“Sacrifice and offering you did not desire, but a body you prepared for me.
10:6 “Whole burnt offerings and sin-offerings you took no delight in.
10:7 “Then I said, ‘Here I am: 5 I have come – it is written of me in the scroll of the book – to do your will, O God.’” 6
10:8 When he says above, “Sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt offerings and sin-offerings you did not desire nor did you take delight in them” 7 (which are offered according to the law), 10:9 then he says, “Here I am: I have come to do your will.” 8 He does away with 9 the first to establish the second. 10:10 By his will 10 we have been made holy through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. 10:11 And every priest stands day after day 11 serving and offering the same sacrifices again and again – sacrifices that can never take away sins. 10:12 But when this priest 12 had offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, he sat down at the right hand 13 of God, 10:13 where he is now waiting 14 until his enemies are made a footstool for his feet. 15 10:14 For by one offering he has perfected for all time those who are made holy. 10:15 And the Holy Spirit also witnesses to us, for after saying, 16 10:16 “This is the covenant that I will establish with them after those days, says the Lord. I will put 17 my laws on their hearts and I will inscribe them on their minds,” 18 10:17 then he says, 19 “Their sins and their lawless deeds I will remember no longer.” 20 10:18 Now where there is forgiveness of these, there is no longer any offering for sin.
10:19 Therefore, brothers and sisters, 21 since we have confidence to enter the sanctuary by the blood of Jesus, 10:20 by the fresh and living way that he inaugurated for us 22 through the curtain, that is, through his flesh, 23 10:21 and since we have a great priest 24 over the house of God, 10:22 let us draw near with a sincere heart in the assurance that faith brings, 25 because we have had our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience 26 and our bodies washed in pure water. 10:23 And let us hold unwaveringly to the hope that we confess, for the one who made the promise is trustworthy. 10:24 And let us take thought of how to spur one another on to love and good works, 27 10:25 not abandoning our own meetings, as some are in the habit of doing, but encouraging each other, and even more so because you see the day 28 drawing near. 29
10:26 For if we deliberately keep on sinning after receiving the knowledge of the truth, no further sacrifice for sins is left for us, 30 10:27 but only a certain fearful expectation of judgment and a fury 31 of fire that will consume God’s enemies. 32 10:28 Someone who rejected the law of Moses was put to death 33 without mercy on the testimony of two or three witnesses. 34 10:29 How much greater punishment do you think that person deserves who has contempt for 35 the Son of God, and profanes 36 the blood of the covenant that made him holy, 37 and insults the Spirit of grace? 10:30 For we know the one who said, “Vengeance is mine, I will repay,” 38 and again, “The Lord will judge his people.” 39 10:31 It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God.
[10:1] 1 tn Grk “those who approach.”
[10:2] 2 tn Grk “the worshipers, having been purified once for all, would have.”
[10:3] 3 tn Grk “in them”; the referent (those sacrifices) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[10:4] 4 tn Grk “for it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.”
[10:7] 5 tn Grk “behold,” but this construction often means “here is/there is” (cf. BDAG 468 s.v. ἰδού 2).
[10:7] 6 sn A quotation from Ps 40:6-8 (LXX). The phrase a body you prepared for me (in v. 5) is apparently an interpretive expansion of the HT reading “ears you have dug out for me.”
[10:8] 7 sn Various phrases from the quotation of Ps 40:6 in Heb 10:5-6 are repeated in Heb 10:8.
[10:9] 8 tc The majority of
[10:10] 10 tn Grk “by which will.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
[10:11] 11 tn Or “daily,” “every day.”
[10:12] 12 tn Grk “this one.” This pronoun refers to Jesus, but “this priest” was used in the translation to make the contrast between the Jewish priests in v. 11 and Jesus as a priest clearer in English.
[10:12] 13 sn An allusion to Ps 110:1.
[10:13] 14 tn Grk “from then on waiting.”
[10:13] 15 sn An allusion to Ps 110:1.
[10:15] 16 tn Grk “after having said,” emphasizing the present impact of this utterance.
[10:16] 17 tn Grk “putting…I will inscribe.”
[10:16] 18 sn A quotation from Jer 31:33.
[10:17] 20 sn A quotation from Jer 31:34.
[10:19] 21 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 2:11.
[10:20] 22 tn Grk “that he inaugurated for us as a fresh and living way,” referring to the entrance mentioned in v. 19.
[10:20] 23 sn Through his flesh. In a bold shift the writer changes from a spatial phrase (Christ opened the way through the curtain into the inner sanctuary) to an instrumental phrase (he did this through [by means of] his flesh in his sacrifice of himself), associating the two in an allusion to the splitting of the curtain in the temple from top to bottom (Matt 27:51; Mark 15:38; Luke 23:45). Just as the curtain was split, so Christ’s body was broken for us, to give us access into God’s presence.
[10:21] 24 tn Grk “and a great priest,” continuing the construction begun in v. 19.
[10:22] 25 tn Grk “in assurance of faith.”
[10:22] 26 sn The phrase our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience combines the OT imagery of the sprinkling with blood to give ritual purity with the emphasis on the interior cleansing provided by the new covenant: It is the heart that is cleansed and the conscience made perfect (cf. Heb 8:10; 9:9, 14; 10:2, 16).
[10:24] 27 tn Grk “let us consider one another for provoking of love and good deeds.”
[10:25] 28 sn The day refers to that well-known time of Christ’s coming and judgment in the future; see a similar use of “day” in 1 Cor 3:13.
[10:25] 29 tn This paragraph (vv. 19-25) is actually a single, skillfully composed sentence in Greek, but it must be broken into shorter segments for English idiom. It begins with several subordinate phrases (since we have confidence and a great priest), has three parallel exhortations as its main verbs (let us draw near, hold, and take thought), and concludes with several subordinate phrases related to the final exhortation (not abandoning but encouraging).
[10:26] 30 tn Grk “is left,” with “for us” implied by the first half of the verse.
[10:27] 31 tn Grk “zeal,” recalling God’s jealous protection of his holiness and honor (cf. Exod 20:5).
[10:27] 32 tn Grk “the enemies.”
[10:28] 34 sn An allusion to Deut 17:6.
[10:29] 35 tn Grk “tramples under foot.”
[10:29] 36 tn Grk “regarded as common.”
[10:29] 37 tn Grk “by which he was made holy.”
[10:30] 38 sn A quotation from Deut 32:35.
[10:30] 39 sn A quotation from Deut 32:36.
