Hebrews 2:10

2:10 For it was fitting for him, for whom and through whom all things exist, ¹  in bringing many sons to glory, to make the pioneer ²  of their salvation perfect through sufferings.

Hebrews 4:2

4:2 For we had good news proclaimed to us just as they did. But the message they heard did them no good, since they did not join in ³  with those who heard it in faith. ⁴ 

Hebrews 4:7

4:7 So God ⁵  again ordains a certain day, “Today,” speaking through David ⁶  after so long a time, as in the words quoted before, ⁷  “O, that today you would listen as he speaks! ⁸  Do not harden your hearts.”

Hebrews 5:7

5:7 During his earthly life ⁹  Christ ¹⁰  offered ¹¹  both requests and supplications, with loud cries and tears, to the one who was able to save him from death and he was heard because of his devotion.

Hebrews 8:8

8:8 But ¹²  showing its fault, ¹³  God ¹⁴  says to them, ¹⁵ 

“Look, the days are coming, says the Lord, when I will complete a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah.

Hebrews 13:25

13:25 Grace be with you all. ¹⁶ 

[2:10]  ¹ tn Grk “for whom are all things and through whom are all things.”

[2:10]  ² sn The Greek word translated pioneer is used of a “prince” or leader, the representative head of a family. It also carries nuances of “trailblazer,” one who breaks through to new ground for those who follow him. It is used some thirty-five times in the Greek OT and four times in the NT, always of Christ (Acts 3:15; 5:31; Heb 2:10; 12:2).

[4:2]  ³ tn Or “they were not united.”

[4:2]  ⁴ tc A few mss (א and a few versional witnesses) have the nominative singular participle συγκεκερασμένος (sunkekerasmeno", “since it [the message] was not combined with faith by those who heard it”), a reading that refers back to the ὁ λόγος (Jo logo", “the message”). There are a few other variants here (e.g., συγκεκεραμμένοι [sunkekerammenoi] in 104, συγκεκεραμένους [sunkekeramenou"] in 1881 Ï), but the accusative plural participle συγκεκερασμένους (sunkekerasmenou"), found in Ì^13vid,46 A B C D* Ψ 0243 0278 33 81 1739 2464 pc, has by far the best external credentials. This participle agrees with the previous ἐκείνους (ekeinou", “those”), a more difficult construction grammatically than the nominative singular. Thus, both on external and internal grounds, συγκεκερασμένους is preferred.

[4:7]  ⁵ tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[4:7]  ⁶ sn Ps 95 does not mention David either in the text or the superscription. It is possible that the writer of Hebrews is attributing the entire collection of psalms to David (although some psalms are specifically attributed to other individuals or groups).

[4:7]  ⁷ tn Grk “as it has been said before” (see Heb 3:7).

[4:7]  ⁸ tn Grk “today if you hear his voice.”

[5:7]  ⁷ tn Grk “in the days of his flesh.”

[5:7]  ⁸ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Christ) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[5:7]  ⁹ tn Grk “who…having offered,” continuing the description of Christ from Heb 5:5-6.

[8:8]  ⁹ tn Grk “for,” but providing an explanation of the God-intended limitation of the first covenant from v. 7.

[8:8]  ¹⁰ sn The “fault” or limitation in the first covenant was not in its inherent righteousness, but in its design from God himself. It was never intended to be his final revelation or provision for mankind; it was provisional, always pointing toward the fulfillment to come in Christ.

[8:8]  ¹¹ tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[8:8]  ¹² tc ‡ Several witnesses (א* A D* I K P Ψ 33 81 326 365 1505 2464 al latt co Cyr) have αὐτούς (autous) here, “[in finding fault with] them, [he says],” alluding to Israel’s failings mentioned in v. 9b. (The verb μέμφομαι [memfomai, “to find fault with”] can take an accusative or dative direct object.) The reading behind the text above (αὐτοίς, autoi"), supported by Ì⁴⁶ א² B D² 0278 1739 1881 Ï, is perhaps a harder reading theologically, and is more ambiguous in meaning. If αὐτοίς goes with μεμφόμενος (memfomeno", here translated “showing its fault”), the clause could be translated “in finding fault with them” or “in showing [its] faults to them.” If αὐτοίς goes with the following λέγει (legei, “he says”), the clause is best translated, “in finding/showing [its] faults, he says to them.” The accusative pronoun suffers no such ambiguity, for it must be the object of μεμφόμενος rather than λέγει. Although a decision is difficult, the dative form of the pronoun best explains the rise of the other reading and is thus more likely to be original.

[13:25]  ¹¹ tc Most witnesses, including several important ones (א² A C D H Ψ 0243 1739 1881 Ï lat sy bo), conclude the letter with ἀμήν (amhn, “amen”). Such a conclusion is routinely added by scribes to NT books because a few of these books originally had such an ending (cf. Rom 16:27; Gal 6:18; Jude 25). A majority of Greek witnesses have the concluding ἀμήν in every NT book except Acts, James, and 3 John (and even in these books, ἀμήν is found in some witnesses). It is thus a predictable variant. Further, there is sufficient testimony (Ì⁴⁶ א* I^vid 6 33 sa) for the lack of the particle, rendering its omission the preferred reading.