Isaiah 1:25

Context

1:25 I will attack you;¹

I will purify your metal with flux.²

I will remove all your slag.³

Isaiah 48:13

Context

48:13 Yes, my hand founded the earth;

my right hand spread out the sky.

I summon them;

they stand together.

Isaiah 60:21

Context

60:21 All of your people will be godly;⁴

they will possess the land permanently.

I will plant them like a shoot;

they will be the product of my labor,

through whom I reveal my splendor.⁵

[1:25] ¹tn Heb “turn my hand against you.” The second person pronouns in vv. 25-26 are feminine singular. Personified Jerusalem is addressed. The idiom “turn the hand against” has the nuance of “strike with the hand, attack,” in Ps 81:15 HT (81:14 ET); Ezek 38:12; Am 1:8; Zech 13:7. In Jer 6:9 it is used of gleaning grapes.

[1:25] ²tn Heb “I will purify your dross as [with] flux.” “Flux” refers here to minerals added to the metals in a furnace to prevent oxides from forming. For this interpretation of II בֹּר (bor), see HALOT 153 s.v. II בֹּר and 750 s.v. סִיג.

[1:25] ³sn The metaphor comes from metallurgy; slag is the substance left over after the metallic ore has been refined.

[60:21] ⁴tn Or “righteous” (NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); NAB “just.”

[60:21] ⁵tn Heb “a shoot of his planting, the work of my hands, to reveal splendor.”