Isaiah 13:15

13:15 Everyone who is caught will be stabbed;

everyone who is seized ¹  will die ²  by the sword.

Isaiah 14:18

14:18 ³ As for all the kings of the nations,

all of them ⁴  lie down in splendor, ⁵ 

each in his own tomb. ⁶ 

Isaiah 19:10

19:10 Those who make cloth ⁷  will be demoralized; ⁸ 

all the hired workers will be depressed. ⁹ 

Isaiah 24:7

24:7 The new wine dries up,

the vines shrivel up,

all those who like to celebrate ¹⁰  groan.

Isaiah 24:10

24:10 The ruined town ¹¹  is shattered;

all of the houses are shut up tight. ¹² 

Isaiah 28:8

28:8 Indeed, all the tables are covered with vomit;

no place is untouched. ¹³ 

Isaiah 40:17

40:17 All the nations are insignificant before him;

they are regarded as absolutely nothing. ¹⁴ 

Isaiah 43:7

43:7 everyone who belongs to me, ¹⁵ 

whom I created for my glory,

whom I formed – yes, whom I made!

[13:15]  ¹ tn Heb “carried off,” i.e., grabbed from the fleeing crowd. See HALOT 764 s.v. ספה.

[13:15]  ² tn Heb “will fall” (so KJV, NIV, NRSV); NLT “will be run through with a sword.”

[14:18]  ³ sn It is unclear where the quotation of the kings, begun in v. 10b, ends. However, the reference to the “kings of the nations” in v. 18 (see also v. 9) seems to indicate that the quotation has ended at this point and that Israel’s direct taunt (cf. vv. 4b-10a) has resumed. In fact the references to the “kings of the nations” may form a stylistic inclusio or frame around the quotation.

[14:18]  ⁴ tc The phrase “all of them” does not appear in the Qumran scroll 1QIsa^a.

[14:18]  ⁵ sn This refers to the typically extravagant burial of kings.

[14:18]  ⁶ tn Heb “house” (so KJV, ASV), but in this context a tomb is in view. Note the verb “lie down” in the preceding line and the reference to a “grave” in the next line.

[19:10]  ⁵ tn Some interpret שָׁתֹתֶיהָ (shatoteha) as “her foundations,” i.e., leaders, nobles. See BDB 1011 s.v. שָׁת. Others, on the basis of alleged cognates in Akkadian and Coptic, repoint the form שְׁתִיתֶיהָ (shÿtiteha) and translate “her weavers.” See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:370.

[19:10]  ⁶ tn Heb “crushed.” Emotional distress is the focus of the context (see vv. 8-9, 10b).

[19:10]  ⁷ tn Heb “sad of soul”; cf. NIV, NLT “sick at heart.”

[24:7]  ⁷ tn The Hebrew text reads literally, “all the joyful in heart,” but the context specifies the context as parties and drinking bouts.

[24:10]  ⁹ tn Heb “the city of chaos” (so NAB, NASB, NRSV). Isaiah uses the term תֹּהוּ (tohu) rather frequently of things (like idols) that are empty and worthless (see BDB 1062 s.v.), so the word might characterize the city as rebellious or morally worthless. However, in this context, which focuses on the effects of divine judgment, it probably refers to the ruined or worthless condition in which the city is left (note the use of the word in Isa 34:11). For a discussion of the identity of this city, see R. Chisholm, “The ‘Everlasting Covenant’ and the ‘City of Chaos’: Intentional Ambiguity and Irony in Isaiah 24,” CTR 6 (1993): 237-53. In the context of universal judgment depicted in Isa 24, this city represents all the nations and cities of the world which, like Babylon of old and the powers/cities mentioned in chapters 13-23, rebel against God’s authority. Behind the stereotypical language one can detect various specific manifestations of this symbolic and paradigmatic city, including Babylon, Moab, and Jerusalem, all of which are alluded or referred to in chapters 24-27.

[24:10]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “every house is closed up from entering.”

[28:8]  ¹¹ tn Heb “vomit, without a place.” For the meaning of the phrase בְּלִי מָקוֹם (bÿli maqom, “without a place”), see HALOT 133 s.v. בְּלִי.

[40:17]  ¹³ tn Heb “[as derived] from nothing and unformed.”

[43:7]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “everyone who is called by my name” (so NASB, NIV, NRSV).