Isaiah 25:4

25:4 For you are a protector for the poor,

a protector for the needy in their distress,

a shelter from the rainstorm,

a shade from the heat.

Though the breath of tyrants ¹  is like a winter rainstorm, ² 

Isaiah 28:2

28:2 Look, the sovereign master ³  sends a strong, powerful one. ⁴ 

With the force of a hailstorm or a destructive windstorm, ⁵ 

with the might of a driving, torrential rainstorm, ⁶ 

he will knock that crown ⁷  to the ground with his hand. ⁸ 

Isaiah 28:17

28:17 I will make justice the measuring line,

fairness the plumb line;

hail will sweep away the unreliable refuge, ⁹ 

the floodwaters will overwhelm the hiding place.

Isaiah 30:30

30:30 The Lord will give a mighty shout ¹⁰ 

and intervene in power, ¹¹ 

with furious anger and flaming, destructive fire, ¹² 

with a driving rainstorm and hailstones.

Isaiah 37:24

37:24 Through your messengers you taunted the sovereign master, ¹³ 

‘With my many chariots I climbed up

the high mountains,

the slopes of Lebanon.

I cut down its tall cedars

and its best evergreens.

I invaded its most remote regions, ¹⁴ 

its thickest woods.

Exodus 9:18-26

9:18 I am going to cause very severe hail to rain down ¹⁵  about this time tomorrow, such hail as has never occurred ¹⁶  in Egypt from the day it was founded ¹⁷  until now. 9:19 So now, send instructions ¹⁸  to gather ¹⁹  your livestock and all your possessions in the fields to a safe place. Every person ²⁰  or animal caught ²¹  in the field and not brought into the house – the hail will come down on them, and they will die!”’”

9:20 Those ²²  of Pharaoh’s servants who feared the word of the Lord hurried to bring their ²³  servants and livestock into the houses, 9:21 but those ²⁴  who did not take ²⁵  the word of the Lord seriously left their servants and their cattle ²⁶  in the field.

9:22 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Extend your hand toward the sky ²⁷  that there may be ²⁸  hail in all the land of Egypt, on people and on animals, ²⁹  and on everything that grows ³⁰  in the field in the land of Egypt.” 9:23 When Moses extended ³¹  his staff toward the sky, the Lord ³²  sent thunder ³³  and hail, and fire fell to the earth; ³⁴  so the Lord caused hail to rain down on the land of Egypt. 9:24 Hail fell ³⁵  and fire mingled ³⁶  with the hail; the hail was so severe ³⁷  that there had not been any like it ³⁸  in all the land of Egypt since it had become a nation. 9:25 The hail struck everything in the open fields, both ³⁹  people and animals, throughout all the land of Egypt. The hail struck everything that grows ⁴⁰  in the field, and it broke all the trees of the field to pieces. 9:26 Only in the land of Goshen, where the Israelites lived, was there no hail.

Ezekiel 13:11-13

13:11 Tell the ones who coat it with whitewash that it will fall. When there is a deluge of rain, hailstones ⁴¹  will fall and a violent wind will break out. ⁴²  13:12 When the wall has collapsed, people will ask you, “Where is the whitewash you coated it with?”

13:13 “‘Therefore this is what the sovereign Lord says: In my rage I will make a violent wind break out. In my anger there will be a deluge of rain and hailstones in destructive fury.

Matthew 7:25

7:25 The rain fell, the flood ⁴³  came, and the winds beat against that house, but it did not collapse because it had been founded on rock.

Revelation 8:7

8:7 The ⁴⁴  first angel blew his trumpet, and there was hail and fire mixed with blood, and it was thrown at the earth so that ⁴⁵  a third of the earth was burned up, a third of the trees were burned up, and all the green grass was burned up.

[25:4]  ¹ tn Or perhaps, “the violent”; NIV, NRSV “the ruthless.”

[25:4]  ² tc The Hebrew text has, “like a rainstorm of a wall,” which might be interpreted to mean, “like a rainstorm battering against a wall.” The translation assumes an emendation of קִיר (qir, “wall”) to קֹר (qor, “cold, winter”; cf. Gen 8:22). See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:457, n. 6, for discussion.

[28:2]  ³ tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here and in vv. 16, 22 is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[28:2]  ⁴ tn Heb “Look, a strong and powerful [one] belongs to the Lord.”

[28:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “like a rainstorm of hail, a wind of destruction.”

[28:2]  ⁶ tn Heb “like a rainstorm of mighty, overflowing waters.”

[28:2]  ⁷ tn The words “that crown” are supplied in the translation for clarification. The object of the verb is unexpressed in the Hebrew text.

[28:2]  ⁸ tn Or “by [his] power.”

[28:17]  ⁹ tn Heb “[the] refuge, [the] lie.” See v. 15.

[30:30]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “the Lord will cause the splendor of his voice to be heard.”

[30:30]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and reveal the lowering of his arm.”

[30:30]  ¹² tn Heb “and a flame of consuming fire.”

[37:24]  ¹³ tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[37:24]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “the height of its extremity”; ASV “its farthest height.”

[9:18]  ¹⁵ tn הִנְנִי מַמְטִיר (hinÿni mamtir) is the futur instans construction, giving an imminent future translation: “Here – I am about to cause it to rain.”

[9:18]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “which not was like it in Egypt.” The pronoun suffix serves as the resumptive pronoun for the relative particle: “which…like it” becomes “the like of which has not been.” The word “hail” is added in the translation to make clear the referent of the relative particle.

[9:18]  ¹⁷ tn The form הִוָּסְדָה (hivvasdah) is perhaps a rare Niphal perfect and not an infinitive (U. Cassuto, Exodus, 117).

[9:19]  ¹⁸ tn The object “instructions” is implied in the context.

[9:19]  ¹⁹ tn הָעֵז (ha’ez) is the Hiphil imperative from עוּז (’uz, “to bring into safety” or “to secure”). Although there is no vav (ו) linking the two imperatives, the second could be subordinated by virtue of the meanings. “Send to bring to safety.”

[9:19]  ²⁰ tn Heb “man, human.”

[9:19]  ²¹ tn Heb “[who] may be found.” The verb can be the imperfect of possibility.

[9:20]  ²² tn The text has “the one fearing.” The singular expression here and throughout vv. 20-21 refers to all who fit the description.

[9:20]  ²³ tn Heb “his” (singular).

[9:21]  ²⁴ tn The Hebrew text again has the singular.

[9:21]  ²⁵ tn Heb “put to his heart.”

[9:21]  ²⁶ tn Heb “his servants and his cattle.”

[9:22]  ²⁷ tn Or “the heavens” (also in the following verse). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

[9:22]  ²⁸ tn The jussive with the conjunction (וִיהִי, vihi) coming after the imperative provides the purpose or result.

[9:22]  ²⁹ tn Heb “on man and on beast.”

[9:22]  ³⁰ tn The noun refers primarily to cultivated grains. But here it seems to be the general heading for anything that grows from the ground, all vegetation and plant life, as opposed to what grows on trees.

[9:23]  ³¹ tn The preterite with the vav (ו) consecutive is here subordinated to the next clause in view of the emphasis put on the subject, Yahweh, by the disjunctive word order of that clause.

[9:23]  ³² tn By starting the clause with the subject (an example of disjunctive word order) the text is certainly stressing that Yahweh alone did this.

[9:23]  ³³ tn The expression נָתַן קֹלֹת (natan qolot) literally means “gave voices” (also “voice”). This is a poetic expression for sending the thunder. Ps 29:3 talks about the “voice of Yahweh” – the God of glory thunders!

[9:23]  ³⁴ sn This clause has been variously interpreted. Lightning would ordinarily accompany thunder; in this case the mention of fire could indicate that the lightning was beyond normal and that it was striking in such a way as to start fires on the ground. It could also mean that fire went along the ground from the pounding hail.

[9:24]  ³⁵ tn The verb is the common preterite וַיְהִי (vayÿhi), which is normally translated “and there was” if it is translated at all. The verb הָיָה (hayah), however, can mean “be, become, befall, fall, fall out, happen.” Here it could be simply translated “there was hail,” but the active “hail fell” fits the point of the sequence better.

[9:24]  ³⁶ tn The form מִתְלַקַּחַת (mitlaqqakhat) is a Hitpael participle; the clause reads, “and fire taking hold of itself in the midst of the hail.” This probably refers to lightning flashing back and forth. See also Ezek 1:4. God created a great storm with flashing fire connected to it.

[9:24]  ³⁷ tn Heb “very heavy” or “very severe.” The subject “the hail” is implied.

[9:24]  ³⁸ tn A literal reading of the clause would be “which there was not like it in all the land of Egypt.” The relative pronoun must be joined to the resumptive pronoun: “which like it (like which) there had not been.”

[9:25]  ³⁹ tn The exact expression is “from man even to beast.” R. J. Williams lists this as an example of the inclusive use of the preposition מִן (min) to be rendered “both…and” (Hebrew Syntax, 57, §327).

[9:25]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “all the cultivated grain of.”

[13:11]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “and you, O hailstones.”

[13:11]  ⁴² sn A violent wind will break out. God’s judgments are frequently described in storm imagery (Pss 18:7-15; 77:17-18; 83:15; Isa 28:17; 30:30; Jer 23:19; 30:23).

[7:25]  ⁴³ tn Grk “the rivers.”

[8:7]  ⁴⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[8:7]  ⁴⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so that” because what follows has the logical force of a result clause.