Isaiah 49:23-26

49:23 Kings will be your children’s ¹  guardians;

their princesses will nurse your children. ² 

With their faces to the ground they will bow down to you

and they will lick the dirt on ³  your feet.

Then you will recognize that I am the Lord;

those who wait patiently for me are not put to shame.

49:24 Can spoils be taken from a warrior,

or captives be rescued from a conqueror? ⁴ 

49:25 Indeed,” says the Lord,

“captives will be taken from a warrior;

spoils will be rescued from a conqueror.

I will oppose your adversary

and I will rescue your children.

49:26 I will make your oppressors eat their own flesh;

they will get drunk on their own blood, as if it were wine. ⁵ 

Then all humankind ⁶  will recognize that

I am the Lord, your deliverer,

your protector, ⁷  the powerful ruler of Jacob.” ⁸ 

Isaiah 60:10-14

60:10 Foreigners will rebuild your walls;

their kings will serve you.

Even though I struck you down in my anger,

I will restore my favor and have compassion on you. ⁹ 

60:11 Your gates will remain open at all times;

they will not be shut during the day or at night,

so that the wealth of nations may be delivered,

with their kings leading the way. ¹⁰ 

60:12 Indeed, ¹¹  nations or kingdoms that do not serve you will perish;

such nations will be totally destroyed. ¹² 

60:13 The splendor of Lebanon will come to you,

its evergreens, firs, and cypresses together,

to beautify my palace; ¹³ 

I will bestow honor on my throne room. ¹⁴ 

60:14 The children of your oppressors will come bowing to you;

all who treated you with disrespect will bow down at your feet.

They will call you, ‘The City of the Lord,

Zion of the Holy One of Israel.’ ¹⁵ 

Isaiah 66:18-20

66:18 “I hate their deeds and thoughts! So I am coming ¹⁶  to gather all the nations and ethnic groups; ¹⁷  they will come and witness my splendor. 66:19 I will perform a mighty act among them ¹⁸  and then send some of those who remain to the nations – to Tarshish, Pul, ¹⁹  Lud ²⁰  (known for its archers ²¹ ), Tubal, Javan, ²²  and to the distant coastlands ²³  that have not heard about me or seen my splendor. They will tell the nations of my splendor. 66:20 They will bring back all your countrymen ²⁴  from all the nations as an offering to the Lord. They will bring them ²⁵  on horses, in chariots, in wagons, on mules, and on camels ²⁶  to my holy hill Jerusalem,” says the Lord, “just as the Israelites bring offerings to the Lord’s temple in ritually pure containers.

Psalms 46:10-11

46:10 He says, ²⁷  “Stop your striving and recognize ²⁸  that I am God!

I will be exalted ²⁹  over ³⁰  the nations! I will be exalted over ³¹  the earth!”

46:11 The Lord who commands armies is on our side! ³² 

The God of Jacob ³³  is our protector! ³⁴  (Selah)

Psalms 66:3

66:3 Say to God:

“How awesome are your deeds!

Because of your great power your enemies cower in fear ³⁵  before you.

Psalms 72:8-11

72:8 May he rule ³⁶  from sea to sea, ³⁷ 

and from the Euphrates River ³⁸  to the ends of the earth!

72:9 Before him the coastlands ³⁹  will bow down,

and his enemies will lick the dust. ⁴⁰ 

72:10 The kings of Tarshish ⁴¹  and the coastlands will offer gifts;

the kings of Sheba ⁴²  and Seba ⁴³  will bring tribute.

72:11 All kings will bow down to him;

all nations will serve him.

Ezekiel 38:23

38:23 I will exalt and magnify myself; I will reveal myself before many nations. Then they will know that I am the Lord.’

Ezekiel 39:21-22

39:21 “I will display my majesty ⁴⁴  among the nations. All the nations will witness the judgment I have executed, and the power I have exhibited ⁴⁵  among them. 39:22 Then the house of Israel will know that I am the Lord their God, from that day forward.

Zechariah 14:9

14:9 The Lord will then be king over all the earth. In that day the Lord will be seen as one with a single name. ⁴⁶ 

Zechariah 14:16

14:16 Then all who survive from all the nations that came to attack Jerusalem will go up annually to worship the King, the Lord who rules over all, and to observe the Feast of Tabernacles. ⁴⁷ 

Revelation 11:13

11:13 Just then ⁴⁸  a major earthquake took place and a tenth of the city collapsed; seven thousand people ⁴⁹  were killed in the earthquake, and the rest were terrified and gave glory to the God of heaven.

Revelation 11:15-17

The Seventh Trumpet

11:15 Then ⁵⁰  the seventh angel blew his trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven saying:

“The kingdom of the world

has become the kingdom of our Lord

and of his Christ, ⁵¹ 

and he will reign for ever and ever.”

11:16 Then ⁵²  the twenty-four elders who are seated on their thrones before God threw themselves down with their faces to the ground ⁵³  and worshiped God 11:17 with these words: ⁵⁴ 

“We give you thanks, Lord God, the All-Powerful, ⁵⁵ 

the one who is and who was,

because you have taken your great power

and begun to reign. ⁵⁶ 

[49:23]  ¹ tn Heb “your,” but Zion here stands by metonymy for her children (see v. 22b).

[49:23]  ² tn Heb “you.” See the preceding note.

[49:23]  ³ tn Or “at your feet” (NAB, NIV); NLT “from your feet.”

[49:24]  ⁴ tc The Hebrew text has צָדִיק (tsadiq, “a righteous [one]”), but this makes no sense in the parallelism. The Qumran scroll 1QIsa^a reads correctly עריץ (“violent [one], tyrant”; see v. 25).

[49:26]  ⁵ sn Verse 26a depicts siege warfare and bloody defeat. The besieged enemy will be so starved they will their own flesh. The bloodstained bodies lying on the blood-soaked battle site will look as if they collapsed in drunkenness.

[49:26]  ⁶ tn Heb “flesh” (so KJV, NASB).

[49:26]  ⁷ tn Heb “your redeemer.” See the note at 41:14.

[49:26]  ⁸ tn Heb “the powerful [one] of Jacob.” See 1:24.

[60:10]  ⁹ tn Heb “in my favor I will have compassion on you.”

[60:11]  ¹⁰ tn Or “led in procession.” The participle is passive.

[60:12]  ¹¹ tn Or “For” (KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); TEV “But.”

[60:12]  ¹² tn The infinitive absolute appears before the finite verb for emphasis.

[60:13]  ¹³ tn Or “holy place, sanctuary.”

[60:13]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “the place of my feet.” See Ezek 43:7, where the Lord’s throne is called the “place of the soles of my feet.”

[60:14]  ¹⁵ sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.

[66:18]  ¹⁶ tc The Hebrew text reads literally “and I, their deeds and their thoughts, am coming.” The syntax here is very problematic, suggesting that the text may have suffered corruption. Some suggest that the words “their deeds and their thoughts” have been displaced from v. 17. This line presents two primary challenges. In the first place, the personal pronoun “I” has no verb after it. Most translations insert “know” for the sake of clarity (NASB, NRSV, NLT, ESV). The NIV has “I, because of their actions and their imaginations…” Since God’s “knowledge” of Israel’s sin occasions judgment, the verb “hate” is an option as well (see above translation). The feminine form of the next verb (בָּאָה, ba’ah) could be understood in one of two ways. One could provide an implied noun “time” (עֵת, ’et) and render the next line “the time is coming/has come” (NASB, ESV). One could also emend the feminine verb to the masculine בָּא (ba’) and have the “I” at the beginning of the line govern this verb as well (for the Lord is speaking here): “I am coming” (cf. NIV, NCV, NRSV, TEV, NLT).

[66:18]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “and the tongues”; KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV “and tongues.”

[66:19]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “and I will set a sign among them.” The precise meaning of this statement is unclear. Elsewhere “to set a sign” means “perform a mighty act” (Ps 78:43; Jer 32:20), “make [someone] an object lesson” (Ezek 14:8), and “erect a [literal] standard” (Ps 74:4).

[66:19]  ¹⁹ tn Some prefer to read “Put” (i.e., Libya).

[66:19]  ²⁰ sn That is, Lydia (in Asia Minor).

[66:19]  ²¹ tn Heb “drawers of the bow” (KJV and ASV both similar).

[66:19]  ²² sn Javan is generally identified today as Greece (so NIV, NCV, NLT).

[66:19]  ²³ tn Or “islands” (NIV).

[66:20]  ²⁴ tn Heb “brothers” (so NIV); NCV “fellow Israelites.”

[66:20]  ²⁵ tn The words “they will bring them” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[66:20]  ²⁶ tn The precise meaning of this word is uncertain. Some suggest it refers to “chariots.” See HALOT 498 s.v. *כִּרְכָּרָה.

[46:10]  ²⁷ tn The words “he says” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

[46:10]  ²⁸ tn Heb “do nothing/be quiet (see 1 Sam 15:16) and know.” This statement may be addressed to the hostile nations, indicating they should cease their efforts to destroy God’s people, or to Judah, indicating they should rest secure in God’s protection. Since the psalm is an expression of Judah’s trust and confidence, it is more likely that the words are directed to the nations, who are actively promoting chaos and are in need of a rebuke.

[46:10]  ²⁹ tn Elsewhere in the psalms the verb רוּם (rum, “be exalted”) when used of God, refers to his exalted position as king (Pss 18:46; 99:2; 113:4; 138:6) and/or his self-revelation as king through his mighty deeds of deliverance (Pss 21:13; 57:5, 11).

[46:10]  ³⁰ tn Or “among.”

[46:10]  ³¹ tn Or “in.”

[46:11]  ³² tn Heb “the Lord of hosts is with us.” The title “Lord of hosts” here pictures the Lord as a mighty warrior-king who leads armies into battle (see Ps 24:10). The military imagery is further developed in vv. 8-9.

[46:11]  ³³ tn That is, Israel, or Judah (see Ps 20:1).

[46:11]  ³⁴ tn Heb “our elevated place” (see Pss 9:9; 18:2).

[66:3]  ³⁵ tn See Deut 33:29; Ps 81:15 for other uses of the verb כָּחַשׁ (kakhash) in the sense “cower in fear.” In Ps 18:44 the verb seems to carry the nuance “be weak, powerless” (see also Ps 109:24).

[72:8]  ³⁶ tn The prefixed verbal form is a (shortened) jussive form, indicating this is a prayer of blessing.

[72:8]  ³⁷ sn From sea to sea. This may mean from the Mediterranean Sea in the west to the Dead Sea in the east. See Amos 8:12. The language of this and the following line also appears in Zech 9:10.

[72:8]  ³⁸ tn Heb “the river,” a reference to the Euphrates.

[72:9]  ³⁹ tn Or “islands.” The term here refers metonymically to those people who dwell in these regions.

[72:9]  ⁴⁰ sn As they bow down before him, it will appear that his enemies are licking the dust.

[72:10]  ⁴¹ sn Tarshish was a distant western port, the precise location of which is uncertain.

[72:10]  ⁴² sn Sheba was located in Arabia.

[72:10]  ⁴³ sn Seba was located in Africa.

[39:21]  ⁴⁴ tn Or “my glory.”

[39:21]  ⁴⁵ tn Heb “my hand which I have placed.”

[14:9]  ⁴⁶ sn The expression the Lord will be seen as one with a single name is an unmistakable reference to the so-called Shema, the crystallized statement of faith in the Lord as the covenant God of Israel (cf. Deut 6:4-5). Zechariah, however, universalizes the extent of the Lord’s dominion – he will be “king over all the earth.”

[14:16]  ⁴⁷ sn Having imposed his sovereignty over the earth following the Battle of Armageddon, the Lord will receive homage and tribute from all who survive from all the nations. The Feast of Tabernacles was especially associated with covenant institution and renewal so it will be appropriate for all people to acknowledge that they are vassals to the Lord at that time (cf. Deut 31:9-13; Neh 8:12-18; 9:1-38).

[11:13]  ⁴⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[11:13]  ⁴⁹ tn Grk “seven thousand names of men.”

[11:15]  ⁵⁰ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[11:15]  ⁵¹ tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”

[11:16]  ⁵² tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[11:16]  ⁵³ tn Grk “they fell down on their faces.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”

[11:17]  ⁵⁴ tn Grk “saying.”

[11:17]  ⁵⁵ tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”

[11:17]  ⁵⁶ tn The aorist verb ἐβασίλευσας (ebasileusa") has been translated ingressively.