Discovery BoxJohn 9:14-41
Context9:14 (Now the day on which Jesus made the mud 1 and caused him to see 2 was a Sabbath.) 3 9:15 So the Pharisees asked him again how he had gained his sight. 4 He replied, 5 “He put mud 6 on my eyes and I washed, and now 7 I am able to see.”
9:16 Then some of the Pharisees began to say, 8 “This man is not from God, because he does not observe 9 the Sabbath.” 10 But others said, “How can a man who is a sinner perform 11 such miraculous signs?” Thus there was a division 12 among them. 9:17 So again they asked the man who used to be blind, 13 “What do you say about him, since he caused you to see?” 14 “He is a prophet,” the man replied. 15
9:18 Now the Jewish religious leaders 16 refused to believe 17 that he had really been blind and had gained his sight until at last they summoned 18 the parents of the man who had become able to see. 19 9:19 They asked the parents, 20 “Is this your son, whom you say 21 was born blind? Then how does he now see?” 9:20 So his parents replied, 22 “We know that this is our son and that he was born blind. 9:21 But we do not know how he is now able to see, nor do we know who caused him to see. 23 Ask him, he is a mature adult. 24 He will speak for himself.” 9:22 (His parents said these things because they were afraid of the Jewish religious leaders. 25 For the Jewish leaders had already agreed that anyone who confessed Jesus 26 to be the Christ 27 would be put out 28 of the synagogue. 29 9:23 For this reason his parents said, “He is a mature adult, 30 ask him.”) 31
9:24 Then they summoned 32 the man who used to be blind 33 a second time and said to him, “Promise before God to tell the truth. 34 We know that this man 35 is a sinner.” 9:25 He replied, 36 “I do not know whether he is a sinner. I do know one thing – that although I was blind, now I can see.” 9:26 Then they said to him, “What did he do to you? How did he cause you to see?” 37 9:27 He answered, 38 “I told you already and you didn’t listen. 39 Why do you want to hear it 40 again? You people 41 don’t want to become his disciples too, do you?”
9:28 They 42 heaped insults 43 on him, saying, 44 “You are his disciple! 45 We are disciples of Moses! 9:29 We know that God has spoken to Moses! We do not know where this man 46 comes from!” 9:30 The man replied, 47 “This is a remarkable thing, 48 that you don’t know where he comes from, and yet he caused me to see! 49 9:31 We know that God doesn’t listen to 50 sinners, but if anyone is devout 51 and does his will, God 52 listens to 53 him. 54 9:32 Never before 55 has anyone heard of someone causing a man born blind to see. 56 9:33 If this man 57 were not from God, he could do nothing.” 9:34 They replied, 58 “You were born completely in sinfulness, 59 and yet you presume to teach us?” 60 So they threw him out.
9:35 Jesus heard that they had thrown him out, so he found the man 61 and said to him, “Do you believe in the Son of Man?” 62 9:36 The man 63 replied, 64 “And who is he, sir, that 65 I may believe in him?” 9:37 Jesus told him, “You have seen him; he 66 is the one speaking with you.” 67 9:38 [He said, “Lord, I believe,” and he worshiped him. 68 9:39 Jesus 69 said,] 70 “For judgment I have come into this world, so that those who do not see may gain their sight, 71 and the ones who see may become blind.”
9:40 Some of the Pharisees 72 who were with him heard this 73 and asked him, 74 “We are not blind too, are we?” 75 9:41 Jesus replied, 76 “If you were blind, you would not be guilty of sin, 77 but now because you claim that you can see, 78 your guilt 79 remains.” 80
[9:14] 1 tn Or “clay” (moistened earth of a clay-like consistency).
[9:14] 2 tn Grk “and opened his eyes” (an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
[9:14] 3 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author.
[9:15] 4 tn Or “how he had become able to see.”
[9:15] 5 tn Grk “And he said to them.”
[9:15] 6 tn Or “clay” (moistened earth of a clay-like consistency).
[9:15] 7 tn The word “now” is not in the Greek text, but is supplied to indicate the contrast between the man’s former state (blind) and his present state (able to see).
[9:16] 8 tn As a response to the answers of the man who used to be blind, the use of the imperfect tense in the reply of the Pharisees is best translated as an ingressive imperfect (“began to say” or “started saying”).
[9:16] 9 tn Grk “he does not keep.”
[9:16] 10 sn The Jewish religious leaders considered the work involved in making the mud to be a violation of the Sabbath.
[9:16] 12 tn Or “So there was discord.”
[9:17] 13 tn Grk “the blind man.”
[9:17] 14 tn Grk “since he opened your eyes” (an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
[9:17] 15 tn Grk “And he said, ‘He is a prophet.’”
[9:18] 16 tn Or “the Jewish religious authorities”; Grk “the Jews.” In NT usage the term ᾿Ιουδαῖοι (Ioudaioi) may refer to the entire Jewish people, the residents of Jerusalem and surrounding territory, the authorities in Jerusalem, or merely those who were hostile to Jesus. (For further information see R. G. Bratcher, “‘The Jews’ in the Gospel of John,” BT 26 [1975]: 401-9.) Here the phrase refers mainly to the Pharisees, mentioned by name in John 9:13, 15, 16. References in this context to Pharisees and to the synagogue (v. 22) suggest an emphasis on the religious nature of the debate which is brought out by the translation “the Jewish religious leaders.”
[9:18] 17 tn The Greek text contains the words “about him” at this point: “the Jewish authorities did not believe about him…”
[9:18] 18 tn Grk “they called.”
[9:18] 19 tn Or “the man who had gained his sight.”
[9:19] 20 tn Grk “and they asked them, saying”; the referent (the parents) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[9:19] 21 tn The Greek pronoun and verb are both plural (both parents are addressed).
[9:20] 22 tn Grk “So his parents answered and said.”
[9:21] 23 tn Grk “who opened his eyes” (an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
[9:21] 24 tn Or “he is of age.”
[9:22] 25 tn Or “the Jewish religious authorities”; Grk “the Jews.” Twice in this verse the phrase refers to the Pharisees, mentioned by name in John 9:13, 15, 16. The second occurrence is shortened to “the Jewish leaders” for stylistic reasons. See the note on the phrase “the Jewish religious leaders” in v. 18.
[9:22] 26 tn Grk “confessed him.”
[9:22] 27 tn Or “the Messiah” (Both Greek “Christ” and Hebrew and Aramaic “Messiah” mean “one who has been anointed”).
[9:22] 28 tn Or “would be expelled from.”
[9:22] 29 sn This reference to excommunication from the Jewish synagogue for those who had made some sort of confession about Jesus being the Messiah is dismissed as anachronistic by some (e.g., Barrett) and nonhistorical by others. In later Jewish practice there were at least two forms of excommunication: a temporary ban for thirty days, and a permanent ban. But whether these applied in NT times is far from certain. There is no substantial evidence for a formal ban on Christians until later than this Gospel could possibly have been written. This may be a reference to some form of excommunication adopted as a contingency to deal with those who were proclaiming Jesus to be the Messiah. If so, there is no other record of the procedure than here. It was probably local, limited to the area around Jerusalem. See also the note on synagogue in 6:59.
[9:23] 30 tn Or “he is of age.”
[9:23] 31 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author explaining the parents’ response.
[9:24] 32 tn Grk “they called.”
[9:24] 33 tn Grk “who was blind.”
[9:24] 34 tn Grk “Give glory to God” (an idiomatic formula used in placing someone under oath to tell the truth).
[9:24] 35 tn The phrase “this man” is a reference to Jesus.
[9:25] 36 tn Grk “Then that one answered.”
[9:26] 37 tn Grk “open your eyes” (an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
[9:27] 38 tn Grk “He answered them.” The indirect object αὐτοῖς (autois) has not been translated for stylistic reasons.
[9:27] 39 tn Grk “you did not hear.”
[9:27] 40 tn “It” is not in the Greek text but has been supplied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted when they were clearly implied in the context.
[9:27] 41 tn The word “people” is supplied in the translation to clarify the plural Greek pronoun and verb.
[9:28] 42 tn Grk “And they.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.
[9:28] 43 tn The Greek word means “to insult strongly” or “slander.”
[9:28] 45 tn Grk “You are that one’s disciple.”
[9:29] 46 tn Grk “where this one.”
[9:30] 47 tn Grk “The man answered and said to them.” This has been simplified in the translation to “The man replied.”
[9:30] 48 tn Grk “For in this is a remarkable thing.”
[9:30] 49 tn Grk “and he opened my eyes” (an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
[9:31] 50 tn Grk “God does not hear.”
[9:31] 52 tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[9:32] 55 tn Or “Never from the beginning of time,” Grk “From eternity.”
[9:32] 56 tn Grk “someone opening the eyes of a man born blind” (“opening the eyes” is an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
[9:34] 58 tn Grk “They answered and said to him.” This has been simplified in the translation to “They replied.”
[9:34] 59 tn Or “From birth you have been evil.” The implication of this insult, in the context of John 9, is that the man whom Jesus caused to see had not previously adhered rigorously to all the conventional requirements of the OT law as interpreted by the Pharisees. Thus he had no right to instruct them about who Jesus was.
[9:34] 60 tn Grk “and are you teaching us?”
[9:35] 61 tn Grk “found him”; the referent (the man) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[9:35] 62 tc Although most witnesses (A L Θ Ψ 070 0250 Ë1,13 33 Ï lat) have θεοῦ (qeou, “of God”) instead of ἀνθρώπου (anqrwpou, “of man”) here, the better witnesses (Ì66,75 א B D W sys) have ἀνθρώπου. Not only is the external evidence decidedly on the side of ἀνθρώπου, but it is difficult to see such early and diverse witnesses changing θεοῦ to ἀνθρώπου. The wording “Son of Man” is thus virtually certain.
[9:36] 64 tn Grk answered and said.” This has been simplified in the translation to “replied.”
[9:36] 65 tn Or “And who is he, sir? Tell me so that…” Some translations supply elliptical words like “Tell me” (NIV, NRSV) following the man’s initial question, but the shorter form given in the translation is clear enough.
[9:37] 67 tn The καί – καί (kai – kai) construction would normally be translated “both – and”: “You have both seen him, and he is the one speaking with you.” In this instance the English semicolon was used instead because it produces a smoother and more emphatic effect in English.
[9:38] 68 sn Assuming the authenticity of John 9:38-39a (see the tc note following the bracket in v. 39), the man’s response after Jesus’ statement of v. 37 is extremely significant: He worshiped Jesus. In the Johannine context the word would connote its full sense: This was something due God alone. Note also that Jesus did not prevent the man from doing this. The verb προσκυνέω (proskunew) is used in John 4:20-25 of worshiping God, and again with the same sense in 12:20. This would be the only place in John’s Gospel where anyone is said to have worshiped Jesus using this term. As such, it forms the climax of the story of the man born blind, but the uniqueness of the concept of worshiping Jesus at this point in John's narrative (which reaches its ultimate climax in the confession of Thomas in John 20:28) may suggest it is too early for such a response and it represents a later scribal addition.
[9:39] 69 tn Grk “And Jesus.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.
[9:39] 70 tc ‡ Some early and important witnesses (Ì75 א* W b sams ac2 mf) lack the words, “He said, ‘Lord, I believe,’ and he worshiped him. Jesus said,” (vv. 38-39a). This is weighty evidence for the omission of these words. It is difficult to overstate the value of Ì75 here, since it is the only currently available papyrus ms extant for the text of John 9:38-39. Further, א is an important and early Alexandrian witness for the omission. The versional testimony and codex W also give strong support to the omission. Nearly all other
[9:39] 71 tn Or “that those who do not see may see.”
[9:40] 72 sn See the note on Pharisees in 1:24.
[9:40] 73 tn Grk “heard these things.”
[9:40] 74 tn Grk “and said to him.”
[9:40] 75 tn Questions prefaced with μή (mh) in Greek anticipate a negative answer. This can sometimes be indicated by using a “tag” at the end in English (here the tag is “are we?”).
[9:41] 76 tn Grk “Jesus said to them.”
[9:41] 77 tn Grk “you would not have sin.”
[9:41] 78 tn Grk “now because you say, ‘We see…’”
[9:41] 80 sn Because you claim that you can see, your guilt remains. The blind man received sight physically, and this led him to see spiritually as well. But the Pharisees, who claimed to possess spiritual sight, were spiritually blinded. The reader might recall Jesus’ words to Nicodemus in 3:10, “Are you the teacher of Israel and don’t understand these things?” In other words, to receive Jesus was to receive the light of the world, to reject him was to reject the light, close one’s eyes, and become blind. This is the serious sin of which Jesus had warned before (8:21-24). The blindness of such people was incurable since they had rejected the only cure that exists (cf. 12:39-41).
