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  Discovery Box

Luke 12:54-59

Context
Reading the Signs

12:54 Jesus 1  also said to the crowds, “When you see a cloud rising in the west, 2  you say at once, ‘A rainstorm 3  is coming,’ and it does. 12:55 And when you see the south wind 4  blowing, you say, ‘There will be scorching heat,’ and there is. 12:56 You hypocrites! 5  You know how to interpret the appearance of the earth and the sky, but how can you not know how 6  to interpret the present time?

Clear the Debts

12:57 “And 7  why don’t you judge for yourselves what is right? 12:58 As you are going with your accuser before the magistrate, 8  make an effort to settle with him on the way, so that he will not drag you before the judge, and the judge hand you over to the officer, 9  and the officer throw you into prison. 12:59 I tell you, you will never get out of there until you have paid the very last cent!” 10 

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[12:54]  1 tn Grk “He”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity. Here καί (kai) has been translated as “also” and δέ (de) has not been translated.

[12:54]  2 sn A cloud rising in the west refers to moisture coming from the Mediterranean Sea.

[12:54]  3 tn The term ὄμβρος (ombro") refers to heavy rain, such as in a thunderstorm (L&N 14.12).

[12:55]  4 sn The south wind comes from the desert, and thus brings scorching heat.

[12:56]  5 sn In Luke, the term hypocrites occurs here, in 6:42, and in 13:15.

[12:56]  6 tc Most mss (Ì45 A W Ψ Ë1,13 Ï lat) have a syntax here that reflects a slightly different rhetorical question: “but how do you not interpret the present time?” The reading behind the translation, however, has overall superior support: Ì75 א B L Θ 33 892 1241 pc.

[12:57]  7 tn Jesus calls for some personal reflection. However, this unit probably does connect to the previous one – thus the translation of δέ (de) here as “And” – to make a good spiritual assessment, thus calling for application to the spiritual, rather than personal, realm.

[12:58]  8 sn The term magistrate (ἄρχων, arcwn) refers to an official who, under the authority of the government, serves as judge in legal cases (see L&N 56.29).

[12:58]  9 sn The officer (πράκτωρ, praktwr) was a civil official who functioned like a bailiff and was in charge of debtor’s prison. The use of the term, however, does not automatically demand a Hellenistic setting (BDAG 859 s.v.; K. H. Rengstorf, TDNT 8:539; C. Maurer, TDNT 6:642).

[12:59]  10 tn Here the English word “cent” is used as opposed to the parallel in Matt 5:26 where “penny” appears, since the Greek word there is different and refers to a different but similar coin.



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