Luke 18:21

18:21 The man ¹  replied, “I have wholeheartedly obeyed ²  all these laws ³  since my youth.” ⁴ 

Luke 11:21

11:21 When a strong man, ⁵  fully armed, guards his own palace, ⁶  his possessions are safe. ⁷ 

Luke 11:28

11:28 But he replied, ⁸  “Blessed rather are those who hear the word of God and obey ⁹  it!”

Luke 2:8

The Shepherds’ Visit

2:8 Now ¹⁰  there were shepherds ¹¹  nearby ¹²  living out in the field, keeping guard ¹³  over their flock at night.

Luke 8:29

8:29 For Jesus ¹⁴  had started commanding ¹⁵  the evil ¹⁶  spirit to come out of the man. (For it had seized him many times, so ¹⁷  he would be bound with chains and shackles ¹⁸  and kept under guard. But ¹⁹  he would break the restraints and be driven by the demon into deserted ²⁰  places.) ²¹ 

Luke 12:15

12:15 Then ²²  he said to them, “Watch out and guard yourself from ²³  all types of greed, ²⁴  because one’s life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions.”

[18:21]  ¹ tn Grk “And he”; the referent (the ruler mentioned in v. 18) has been specified in the translation for clarity. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[18:21]  ² tn Grk “kept.” The implication of this verb is that the man has obeyed the commandments without fail throughout his life, so the adverb “wholeheartedly” has been added to the translation to bring out this nuance.

[18:21]  ³ tn Grk “these things.” The referent of the pronoun (the laws mentioned by Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[18:21]  ⁴ sn Since my youth. Judaism regarded the age of thirteen as the age when a man would have become responsible to live by God’s commands.

[11:21]  ⁵ tn The referent of the expression “a strong man” is Satan.

[11:21]  ⁶ tn The word αὐλή (aulh) describes any building large and elaborate enough to have an interior courtyard, thus “dwelling, palace, mansion” (L&N 7.6).

[11:21]  ⁷ tn Grk “his goods are in peace.”

[11:28]  ⁹ tn Grk “said.”

[11:28]  ¹⁰ sn This is another reference to hearing and doing the word of God, which here describes Jesus’ teaching; see Luke 8:21.

[2:8]  ¹³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.

[2:8]  ¹⁴ sn Some argue that shepherds were among the culturally despised, but the evidence for this view of shepherds is late, coming from 5th century Jewish materials. December 25 as the celebrated date of Jesus’ birth arose around the time of Constantine (ca. a.d. 306-337), though it is mentioned in material from Hippolytus (a.d. 165-235). Some think that the reason for celebration on this date was that it coincided with the pagan Roman festival of Saturnalia, and Christians could celebrate their own festival at this time without fear of persecution. On the basis of the statement that the shepherds were living out in the field, keeping guard over their flock at night it is often suggested that Jesus’ birth took place in early spring, since it was only at lambing time that shepherds stood guard over their flocks in the field. This is not absolutely certain, however.

[2:8]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “in that region.”

[2:8]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “living in the field (see BDAG 15 s.v. ἀγραυλέω) and guarding their flock.”

[8:29]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[8:29]  ¹⁸ tc ‡ Although the external evidence favors the aorist παρήγγειλεν (parhngeilen, “he commanded”; Ì⁷⁵ B Θ Ξ Ψ Ë¹³ 579 700 1241 1424 2542 pm), the internal evidence favors the imperfect παρήγγελλεν (parhngellen, here translated “he had started commanding”; א A C K L W Γ Δ 1 33 565 892 pm). The aorist is suspect because it can more easily be taken as a single command, and thus an immediate exorcism. The imperfect would most likely be ingressive (BDF §§328; 329; 331), suggesting that Jesus started to command the evil spirit to depart, and continued the command.

[8:29]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “unclean.”

[8:29]  ²⁰ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so,” introducing a clause that gives the result of the man being seized by the demon.

[8:29]  ²¹ tn Or “fetters”; these were chains for the feet.

[8:29]  ²² tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

[8:29]  ²³ tn Grk “into the deserts.” The plural use here has been translated as “deserted places,” that is, uninhabited areas.

[8:29]  ²⁴ sn This is a parenthetical, explanatory comment by the author.

[12:15]  ²¹ tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[12:15]  ²² tn See L&N 13.154 for this use of the middle voice of φυλάσσω (fulassw) in this verse.

[12:15]  ²³ tn Or “avarice,” “covetousness.” Note the warning covers more than money and gets at the root attitude – the strong desire to acquire more and more possessions and experiences.