Luke 4:6

4:6 And he ¹  said to him, “To you ²  I will grant this whole realm ³  – and the glory that goes along with it, ⁴  for it has been relinquished ⁵  to me, and I can give it to anyone I wish.

Luke 7:8

7:8 For I too am a man set under authority, with soldiers under me. ⁶  I say to this one, ‘Go,’ and he goes, ⁷  and to another, ‘Come,’ and he comes, and to my slave, ‘Do this,’ and he does it.” ⁸ 

Luke 10:19

10:19 Look, I have given you authority to tread ⁹  on snakes and scorpions ¹⁰  and on the full force of the enemy, ¹¹  and nothing will ¹²  hurt you.

Luke 12:5

12:5 But I will warn ¹³  you whom you should fear: Fear the one who, after the killing, ¹⁴  has authority to throw you ¹⁵  into hell. ¹⁶  Yes, I tell you, fear him!

Luke 20:2

20:2 and said to him, ¹⁷  “Tell us: By what authority ¹⁸  are you doing these things? ¹⁹  Or who it is who gave you this authority?”

[4:6]  ¹ tn Grk “And the devil.”

[4:6]  ² sn In Greek, this phrase is in an emphatic position. In effect, the devil is tempting Jesus by saying, “Look what you can have!”

[4:6]  ³ tn Or “authority.” BDAG 353 s.v. ἐξουσία 6 suggests, concerning this passage, that the term means “the sphere in which the power is exercised, domain.” Cf. also Luke 22:53; 23:7; Acts 26:18; Eph 2:2.

[4:6]  ⁴ tn The addendum referring to the glory of the kingdoms of the world forms something of an afterthought, as the following pronoun (“it”) makes clear, for the singular refers to the realm itself.

[4:6]  ⁵ tn For the translation of παραδέδοται (paradedotai) see L&N 57.77. The devil is erroneously implying that God has given him such authority with the additional capability of sharing the honor.

[7:8]  ⁶ tn Grk “having soldiers under me.”

[7:8]  ⁷ sn I say to this one, ‘Go,’ and he goes. The illustrations highlight the view of authority the soldier sees in the word of one who has authority. Since the centurion was a commander of a hundred soldiers, he understood what it was both to command others and to be obeyed.

[7:8]  ⁸ tn The word “it” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context.

[10:19]  ¹¹ tn Or perhaps, “trample on” (which emphasizes the impact of the feet on the snakes). See L&N 15.226.

[10:19]  ¹² sn Snakes and scorpions are examples of the hostility in the creation that is defeated by Jesus. The use of battle imagery shows who the kingdom fights against. See Acts 28:3-6.

[10:19]  ¹³ tn Or “I have given you authority to tread on snakes and scorpions, and [authority] over the full force of the enemy.” The second prepositional phrase can be taken either as modifying the infinitive πατεῖν (patein, “to tread”) or the noun ἐξουσίαν (exousian, “power”). The former is to be preferred and has been represented in the translation.

[10:19]  ¹⁴ tn This is an emphatic double negative in the Greek text.

[12:5]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “will show,” but in this reflective context such a demonstration is a warning or exhortation.

[12:5]  ¹⁷ sn The actual performer of the killing is not here specified. It could be understood to be God (so NASB, NRSV) but it could simply emphasize that, after a killing has taken place, it is God who casts the person into hell.

[12:5]  ¹⁸ tn The direct object (“you”) is understood.

[12:5]  ¹⁹ sn The word translated hell is “Gehenna” (γέεννα, geenna), a Greek transliteration of the Hebrew words ge hinnom (“Valley of Hinnom”). This was the valley along the south side of Jerusalem. In OT times it was used for human sacrifices to the pagan god Molech (cf. Jer 7:31; 19:5-6; 32:35), and it came to be used as a place where human excrement and rubbish were disposed of and burned. In the intertestamental period, it came to be used symbolically as the place of divine punishment (cf. 1 En. 27:2, 90:26; 4 Ezra 7:36).

[20:2]  ²¹ tn Grk “and said, saying to him.” This is redundant in English and has been simplified in the translation.

[20:2]  ²² tn On this phrase, see BDAG 844 s.v. ποῖος 2.a.γ.

[20:2]  ²³ sn The leadership is looking back to acts like the temple cleansing (19:45-48). How could a Galilean preacher do these things?